Optimal Operation Method For Wind-Photovoltaic-Energy Storage Plants To Participate In The Frequency Regulation Market

The increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental problems have accelerated the process of energy transformation.With the aiming to achieve the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goals,there are more advanced requirements for further developing renewable resources(REs)in power system.The wind turbine(WT)-photovoltaic(PV)energy storage(ES)plant(WPE)is a new generating form.By unifying the REs with ES,it has drawn more attention for giving the WT and PV more competitive in the stability and scale.Meanwhile,the frequency regulation market(FRM)is appropriate to utilize ES and release its more market potential.However,there are two main challenges for large scale WPE to operate in participating in FRM:1)the cooperation methods between WTPV and ES need to be more rational and multiple for strengthening its competitiveness;2)the relationship between the WPE and the tenant considering its autonomy is hard to deal with when there are multiple ES managing forms.For maximizing the profits,this paper proposing an optimal cooperated operation method for WPE to participate in FRM.Firstly,the basic FRM model is established.Considering the market position of WPE,the basic framework is proposed.Then,the FRM revenue model is established by considering the coupling between FRM and energy market.Secondly,considering the potential of self-scheduled curtailment of REs and the interaction between WT-PV and ES,the cooperated operation method of WPE is proposed.Thirdly,the uncertainties of WT-PV output and market prices are transferred into multiple scenarios.For the clustered scenarios,this paper used two ways to handle:one is traditional weighted summation methods;another is the cooperated reserving method which is to utilize the cooperation between ES reserving ability and the power interaction inner WPE.With the objective to maximize the total profits,the optimization for WPE to participate in FRM is built.Finally,the case studies prove the correction of the proposed method and its effectiveness in promoting the economics.To achieve the further utilization of ES in WPE and consider the expensive constructing costs of ES,this paper proposed an optimal operation method for WPE participate in FRM under multiple managing form containing both self-operating and rent ES.Firstly,the rental model is built considering the characteristic of FRM.Then,a bi-level optimization model is established where the upper level is WPE while the lower level is the tenant considering its autonomy.The Karush-Kuhn-Tucker condition,the big M method and subsection expansion method is used to transform the bi-level mixed integer nonlinear model into a single level mixed integer liner model.Finally,the case studies prove the effectiveness of further utilizing the ES and elancing the WPE economics.