Research On Optimal Operation Of Power Grid Friendly Clusters For Dense Networking Of 5G Communication Base Stations

In recent years,the speed of 5G base station construction in China has been accelerating,and the number of base stations has increased dramatically,which cause the issue of high power consumption and difficult regulation of 5G base stations increasingly prominent.On the one hand,with the proposal of China’s "carbon peak-carbon neutrality" goal,the domestic power system and energy structure are gradually transforming,nevertheless,the uncertainty of 5G base station dense networking clusters connecting to the power grid,which has caused great pressure on the safe operation of the power grid.On the other hand,on account of the tidal nature of 5G communication,during the periods of communication load troughs,when the low load base stations remain to work normally,it will lead to excess communication resources,and the power consumption of the base stations is unable to effectively reduced.Additionally,when the grid supply is stable,if the base station energy storage has been idle for a long time,its energy storage resource is also difficult to utilize effectively.In response to these issues,this thesis aims at optimizing the coordinated operation of base station and power grid,carries out related research work.Firstly,this thesis analyzes the randomness of 5G base station distribution and the irregularity of network in dense urban areas,based on the stochastic geometry theory,builds a single-layer homogeneous network of 5G base station dense networking.According to the energy consumption and communication data of 5G base stations collected in the field,the timesharing energy consumption model of 5G base station is established by taking advantage of data-driven time-sharing modeling method,and combined with base station sleep technology,a 5G base station sleep control model based on stochastic geometric modeling is built.Furthermore,proposing a 5G base station sleep control model based on stochastic geometric modeling.The simulation results show that the proposed model is able to reasonably sleep the low-load base station,and effectively reduce the power consumption of the base station in the system.Secondly,for the issue of how to effectively utilize 5G base station energy storage,this thesis analyzes the schedulable capacity of 5G base station energy storage,according to the correlation between the dynamic power consumption of the base station and the energy storage reserve capacity of the base station,that establishes a dynamic scheduling model of base station energy storage oriented to communication load fluctuation.The model in accordance with the base station communication load,which adjusts the dispatchable capacity of base station energy storage dynamically,and that uses the time-of-use electricity price to reasonably dispatch base station energy storage for charging and discharging.Through simulation verification analysis,the model can effectively utilize the energy storage resources of the base station,thereby improve the operation benefit of the base station,which lays the foundation for 5G base stations to participate in power grid optimization operation.Then,in order to obtain an accurate load forecasting curve to formulate a plan for the base station to participate in the optimal operation of the power grid,this thesis uses the Quantumbehaved Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO)algorithm to optimize the hyperparameters of the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM).On this basis,for purpose of making full use of the load data on the forecast day,the extended short-term load forecasting method is introduced to optimize the QPSO-LSTM model.The prediction results show that,the proposed model effectively improves the accuracy of load forecasting.Finally,based on the above work,the strategy of 5G base station participating in peak regulation operation of power grid based on load forecasting is proposed.According to the load forecasting curve and the number of connected users of each base station,the strategy adjusts the base station dormancy plan,and reasonably dispatch the base station energy storage charge and discharge to help the power grid shave peak and fill valleys.The simulation results show that,the proposed strategy not only makes the base station effectively participate in the peak load shifting of the power grid,optimize the coordinated operation of 5G base stations and power grids,and relieve the operating pressure of the power grid,but also improve the operating efficiency of the base station,which provides a strong theoretical basis and implementation basis for the research of 5G base station participating in the optimal operation of power grid.