| The opening of the "air corridor" alleviates the current contradiction between supply and demand of airspace resources in China,is conducive to further mining and optimizing airspace resources,and promotes the improvement of the operational performance of air traffic flow.However,due to the current lack of improvement in China’s civil aviation governance capacity and system,and the lack of systematic response to major risks,compared with previous major risks caused by flight delays caused mainly by natural disasters such as weather,traffic disruptions and reduced flight volumes caused by the pandemic have occurred frequently in recent years,public health events dominated by the spread of infectious diseases have gradually become an important influencing factor impeding the development of the aviation industry,which poses new requirements and challenges for the stability research of the air traffic flow network in the face of significant risk shocks.Due to the difficulty of using a fixed single air traffic network stability research and detection to meet the stability research of air traffic flow networks with frequent changes and interactions between air traffic flows,as well as the significant differences in time span and spatial specifications between major public health events and aviation circuit breakers caused by severe weather/natural disasters,such as COVID-19 can invalidate large regional aviation operations.Therefore,this article takes the airports of Shanghai and Lanzhou(the two cities most affected by the epidemic during the outbreak period)as the starting and ending points of the Shanghai-Lanzhou "air corridor" as an example.On the basis of 24-hour flight path data within the day based on aviation data from two years during the stable period and outbreak period of the epidemic,according to the sequences of network nodes,flight path clusters,and rectified network,node degree/node importance(node flow),track cluster delay absorption-generation/track cluster traffic weight/track cluster shared segment,and rectification network stability threshold/trunk network were compared during the epidemic stable period and outbreak period,and the following conclusions are obtained:1 Through the research on the node degree/node importance of airport network nodes and the traffic weight at the intersection of track clusters,it is found that the inconsistent changes in airline and flight cancellations(significant decrease in airport network node traffic and small change in airport network node degree)indicate that the low passenger load factor caused by the epidemic situation does not significantly cancel airline routes,but maintains a certain degree of network connectivity,the inconsistent change in node importance(86.5% of airport network node importance decreases,13.5% of airport network node importance increases)indicates that hub airports have a more positive and greater spillover effect,as well as a substitution effect between high international hub airports and low regional hub airports and the point where the traffic weight at the intersection of the track clusters is higher is the aggregation and differentiation point of the uplink and downlink track clusters.Through the comparison of network nodes in two years,the mutual relationship between airport network nodes and track cluster intersections can be obtained(changes in the spatial distribution of track cluster intersections in the air flow network caused by local changes in airport network nodes),further reflecting the spatial changes in the occupancy of airspace resources.(2)Through the research on delay absorption and generation of flight clusters,traffic weight of flight clusters,and shared flight segments of flight clusters,it is found that the overall delay absorption is greater than delay generation in the Shanghai-Lanzhou "air corridor" during the stable and outbreak periods of the epidemic,and there are terminal delay accumulation effects and aggregation differentiation point delay absorption effects,the intersection points of high-level flight clusters during the stable and outbreak periods of the epidemic are both the up/down aggregation and differentiation points connecting high-level flight clusters in ATFN.High-level flight clusters are mainly formed by relying on aviation links between hub airports.The decrease in the number of high-level flight clusters during the outbreak period compared to the stable period of the epidemic indicates that a stable flow source between regions is crucial for overall stability and network stability is affected by airspace constraints,and broadening the activity range is extremely beneficial to improving network stability when traffic increases.(3)Through the analysis of the stability threshold of the rectifier network and the research on the composition of the backbone network,it was found that the trend of SE values during the stable and outbreak periods was consistent,both reflecting a relatively stable trend in random situations and a relatively unstable trend in deliberate situations.By determining the stability thresholds of the rectification network for two periods(0.27,0.29),it can be seen that the Shanghai-Lanzhou "air corridor" air flow network is stable compared to the national air network stability threshold(0.2),indicating that the construction of "air corridor" has a good effect on improving network stability.The changes in the composition of the backbone network during the two periods can be seen that airports in the eastern region have a significant substitution effect,while airports in the northwest region have a highly dependent effect.The backbone network is crucial to the stability of the air traffic flow network,and the overall network transportation will face failure when the backbone network is completely destroyed.Among them,SHA,PVG,and XIY play an important role in the stability of the Shanghai-Lanzhou "air corridor" air traffic flow network.The results of the above research on the stability of the Shanghai-Lanzhou "air corridor" air traffic flow network indicate that the "air corridor" strategy exhibits relatively good performance advantages in the face of external shocks,laying a good foundation for the realization of the risk assessment and control objectives proposed by the Civil Aviation "14th Five Year Plan" to strengthen key areas,key periods,and key links in response to major emergencies.In practice,it can provide suggestions for the subsequent construction of the "air corridor",and can supplement transportation geography in disciplines.In addition,the stability detection of the "air corridor" air flow network presented in this article provides a paradigm for complex dynamic stability detection. |
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