The Analysis Of Failure Law Of Main Railway Freight Car And The Research On Improvement Of Maintenance Strategy

Although there have been no major railway truck accidents in recent years,there are many problems in railway freight car maintenance,such as the mileage between maintenance cycles is lower than that of foreign countries,and the frequency of maintenance in the whole life cycle is high;There are also problems of excessive maintenance and excessive maintenance in some maintenance items and content settings;The repair system lags behind the development of equipment technology,and there is a situation that is one-sizefits-all and does not conform to reality;The cost of repairing rail wagons is rising.In view of these problems,based on practical experience,opinions and suggestions on the reform of truck repair and repair are put forward.Firstly,the fault tree analysis method is adopted for the fault analysis of trucks,and the fault model is established,so as to promote the application on a large scale in practical work.The common faults of the five major systems of truck body,bogie,coupling buffer device,brake device and wheel axle are analyzed and sorted out according to the fault tree analysis method,and the bottom event that causes the fault is found,the consequences and hazards that may be caused by some faults,and the technical experience is sorted out.Secondly,the maintenance data of trucks is statistically analyzed,and according to the daily maintenance experience and maintenance fault data,the frequent occurrence points of trucks are determined,and the weak links affecting the extension of the maintenance process of trucks are measured,and continuous improvement is made in the actual maintenance process.Sort out the points of attention in the maintenance process of railway wagons;The failure of the vehicle body is positively correlated with the loaded goods;The door is the weakest link in the quality of the truck;Insufficient corrosion resistance is an urgent problem for railway freight cars;The failure of the suspension parts of the body chassis is frequent,and its structure and strength need to be improved;The restraint of wear on regular maintenance exists,but the main accessories such as the main friction plate of the inclined wedge,the wear of the wheel-to-tread surface,and the wear disc of the core disc have little effect on the extended repair cycle.Be vigilant against truck failures caused by human faults(operation failures),such as welding repair,missing(wrong)installation,missing repair,etc.;The main factors of valve failure due to insufficient maintenance capacity of brake valves;It is proposed to extend the repair period of the main railway freight depot to 3 years,and the factory repair period to 9 years;Suggestions on the size limit of the rim assembly after the extension of the repair period are proposed;The reliability study of accessories should be regarded as the main content of the repair reform.Finally,the calculation model of the cost expenditure of the whole life cycle of the truck is established,the cost expenditure of state repair and preventive repair is measured,the economic benefits generated by the extension of the repair process are calculated,and the opinions and suggestions on the next step of repair and repair reform are put forward.The measurement and detection of accessories adopts the automatic mode,and the delivery of accessories adopts the assembly line mass distribution mode to reduce the labor cost;Some accessories adopt outsourcing processing mode;Each reduction of 1 worker can reduce maintenance costs by 0.1%;For each reduction of 1 management personnel,the maintenance cost can be reduced by 0.15%;At present,the life cycle cost of trucks is710,000 yuan,and the average annual cost of a single vehicle is 28,679 yuan;After the maintenance cycle of the section plant is extended,the cost of the whole life cycle is694620 yuan without considering other factors.The average annual cost of a single vehicle is 25,725 yuan,which is 2,954 yuan compared with the current average annual cost of a single vehicle of 28,679 yuan.Based on the total number of trucks in 2022 981343,it can save 2.9 billion yuan in annual costs.This paper contains a total of 9 figures,27 tables,and 32 references.