Research On The Optimal Layout Strategy Of Medical Institutions Under The Combination Of Epidemic Prevention And Treatment

The COVID-19,which began at the end of 2019,lasted three years and triggered the first level response to public health events in cities across the country.The configuration of medical institutions has also become one of the decisive factors for the success of the epidemic.Medical institutions,as an important component of urban public service facilities,traditional planning generally starts from the daily medical needs of the population in the service area,determining the location,layout,scale,and configuration.However,the continuous expansion of urban scale and the increasing income gap among residents have also made the medical environment more complex.In the face of sudden public health emergencies,medical institutions have faced prominent problems such as slow medical treatment and difficult reception.The concept of "combining epidemic prevention and control" has deeply rooted in people’s hearts during the post epidemic period.Relying on a graded diagnosis and treatment system,optimizing the layout of medical institutions is one of the effective ways to achieve high-quality development of modern urban medical institutions,which has strong practical significance.This article analyzes the characteristics of China’s graded diagnosis and treatment model and the current problems in graded diagnosis and treatment.Drawing on the experience of the United States,the United States,and other medical developed countries,it proposes corresponding measures for the planning of graded diagnosis and treatment medical institutions: including establishing a spatial planning of medical institutions that conforms to the urban spatial structure;Establish a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system with clear division of labor and flexible connection in three-level medical institutions;Change the current situation of imbalanced allocation of medical resources,strengthen and improve the allocation level of medical institutions at all levels,and correspondingly improve the construction standards to meet the requirements of a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system.From a planning perspective,this article aims to optimize the layout of medical institutions in Baiyun District,Guangzhou,in both peacetime and epidemic situations,in order to alleviate the problem of running out of medical resources and wasting medical resources.After the outbreak of a sudden public health event,patients must undergo rapid and scientific examinations and receive treatment in emergency situations.In order to enhance the city’s ability to resist sudden public health events and promote the implementation of the graded diagnosis and treatment system under the combination of epidemic prevention and control at the planning level,the reasonable layout of medical and treatment institutions is becoming increasingly important.In order to obtain scientific research conclusions,this article has analyzed the geographical environment of Baiyun District in Guangzhou,determined the service scope and medical supply conditions of medical institutions at all levels based on relevant standards such as the "Urban Public Service Facility Planning" in China and the actual influencing factors of Baiyun District,analyzed the medical needs of the population in daily life,and based on the virus infection dynamics model and relevant data of urban spatial elements,A multi-stage epidemiological risk assessment was conducted to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of epidemic transmission risk,and further evaluate the service scope and spatial allocation status of medical institutions at all levels,providing strategic guidance for optimizing the layout of medical institutions under the combination of epidemic prevention and control.Subsequently,based on the current geographical conditions,road traffic conditions,travel characteristics of residents during medical treatment,and simulation of epidemic transmission risks,an evaluation was conducted to identify the shortcomings of various levels of medical institutions.Compared to traditional medical institutions that are solely divided by population and service distance,the medical institution planning method combining epidemic prevention and control described in this article can more scientifically evaluate the layout and resource allocation of medical institutions,increase the efficiency of urban medical services,and enhance the city’s ability to withstand sudden public health events.This paper combines the spatial distribution of medical demand in the two periods with the supply intensity of medical institutions at all levels,analyzes the supply and demand characteristics of medical resources,and based on the overall analysis of medical supply and demand,reachability analysis,the current layout of medical institutions and the matching of epidemic risk areas,puts forward suggestions to optimize the layout of medical institutions in the prevention and control of epidemics.Finally,combining the minimum facility model,maximum coverage model,and epidemic risk assessment,the layout forms of medical institutions at all levels that meet the conditions of Baiyun District were simulated,providing reference for the planning and layout of medical institutions in Baiyun District under the combination of epidemic prevention and control.