Research On The Bidding Strategy Of Virtual Power Plants Considering Carbon Trading And Their Benefit Distribution Mechanism

With the rapid development of social economy,the shortage of traditional fossil energy,environmental pollution and other problems are increasingly prominent,vigorous development of clean energy has become the main direction of power development,with wind power,photovoltaic as the representative of the new energy development is particularly rapid.However,the random fluctuation characteristic of new energy output leads to its large-scale integration into the power grid will affect the stable operation of the power system.At the same time,when they participate in the power market,the deviation between the actual power output and the forecast value will lead to increased transaction costs and even default behavior.As a new type of power plant that aggregates multiple distributed energy sources,virtual power plants are able to plan and coordinate the power output between distributed energy sources,reducing the risk of power fluctuations and ensuring market competitiveness.Therefore,this thesis investigates the bidding strategy for virtual power plants to participate in the energy market,and the revenue distribution among the constituent members.Firstly,based on the mathematical model of distributed energy within the virtual power plant,an optimal dispatching model of a single virtual power plant participating in the power market is established and simulated to analyze the dispatching model with different flexible loads,and the results show that the curtailable and transferable loads can cut the peaks and fill the valleys and enhance the revenue of the virtual power plant.Secondly,we study the trading process of virtual power plants participating in the electricity market and carbon market,and establish a two-layer game model based on Stackelberg game theory,which includes a two-layer game model between distribution system operators and multiple virtual power plants,and establish a kriging-based metamodel to improve the efficiency of the solution for the problem that the model is complex and difficult to solve optimally.Then,a simulation analysis is conducted to compare the electricity price before and after the participation of virtual power plants in the carbon market.The results show that the carbon market can influence the electricity price through the trading power of virtual power plants.Finally,we compare the revenue and carbon emissions of virtual power plants in different carbon trading mechanisms,especially in the stepped carbon trading mechanism.The results show that virtual power plants with a high proportion of new energy output can maintain their revenue after participating in the carbon market,and the stepped carbon trading mechanism can better constrain the carbon emissions of virtual power plants.Thirdly,after participating in the market transaction,the distributed energy sources within the virtual power plant are allocated based on the cooperative game theory,and the Shapley value method is improved by analyzing and summarizing the power output characteristics and the role of each distributed energy source,and introducing the correction factor to adjust the correction factor by using the installed capacity ratio as the weighting factor to ensure the effectiveness of the improvement.Finally,the simulation analysis shows that the improved distribution method can allocate the revenue more reasonably than the classical Shapley value method,and the effectiveness of the improved method is verified by the scoring mechanism of the distribution method.