| China’s aging society is developing rapidly,the demand for elderly care services continues to increase,and the allocation of public services for the elderly is unbalanced and insufficient,in response to various aging problems,China has "actively respond to population aging" as a national strategy,governments at all levels have issued planning programs.In addition,the development,layout and level evaluation of public service facilities for the elderly have become one of the important parts of the research on population aging and urban and rural construction.Therefore,based on the actual needs of the elderly,it is of great practical and theoretical significance to study the temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the configuration of public service facilities for the elderly.Taking the urban area of Zhanggong District as the research area,Maslow’s demand as the theoretical basis,the generalized elderly public service facilities as the research object,combined with relevant unit POI data,basic geographic data,population data,remote sensing data,etc.,this paper studies the spatial and temporal distribution,matching degree and influencing factors of elderly public service facilities.The specific research content and conclusions are as follows:(1)Reclassification of elderly public service facilities based on Maslow’s theory of needs.Based on Maslow’s demand theory,the advantages analysis and systematic classification of elderly public service facilities were carried out,and finally the elderly public service facilities were divided into 6 categories,namely elderly care institutions,elderly community services,elderly physiological needs,elderly safety needs,elderly social needs,and elderly self-realization needs,a total of 25 basic public service facilities.(2)Analysis of spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and matching degree evolution of elderly public service facility configuration.Using the methods of change increase coefficient,service coverage,multi-bandwidth kernel density analysis,coupling coordination degree and other methods,it is found that from 2000 to 2020,the overall scale of public service facilities for the elderly in Zhanggong District showed a trend of slow and then rapid increase,and the spatial distribution changed from the pattern of "developed northeast and backward southwest" to "equal northeast and southwest".The spatial and temporal distribution of service coverage varies greatly,with large bases and slow growth rates in old cities,and small bases and fast growth rates in new urban areas.The overall service popularity shows an upward trend,developing to the southwest year by year,with an equalization trend;The matching degree between the scale of facilities and the elderly population showed an overall upward trend,from "complete imbalance" to "complete coordination",but the degree of coordination was not high,and the spatial distribution always showed a pattern of "north superior south inferior,east superior and west inferior";There are differences in the temporal and spatial distribution and matching degree evolution of non-similar facility configurations.The level of development of the facility is basically in line with the hierarchical relationship that Maslow needs.(3)The evolution of influencing factors on the scale of allocation of public service facilities for the elderly.Using the variance expansion coefficient and geographic spatiotemporal weighted regression methods,it is found that the influencing factors of the scale of non-similar elderly public service facilities in Zhanggong District have significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity,with extremely weak temporal heterogeneity and strong spatial heterogeneity.Most types of elderly public service facilities are less affected by the elderly population,which goes against common sense,and once again reflects the problem of "low matching between facilities and the elderly population" in the construction of elderly public service facilities. |
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