Study On The Health Function Improvement Of Urban Waterfront Park Under The Perspective Of Big Data

The health effect of urban park green space has been confirmed by a large number of empirical studies.As an important part of urban blue-green space,urban waterfront park has become a park green space that attracts the public and is deeply loved by residents because of its special shape and waterfront characteristics.In addition to giving play to ecological benefits in the city,it is also more restorative than simple green space,and plays a more obvious role in promoting the physical and mental health of residents.Therefore,this study combines the concept of healthy city with the spatial design of urban waterfront parks,taking the North Park of Minjiang Park in Fuzhou City as an example,and tries to evaluate and analyze the spatial utilization matching degree distribution characteristics,spatial environmental elements and health benefits of urban waterfront parks,based on big data such as heat map,actual site measurements and questionnaire surveys,using a combination of qualitative and quantitative means.In order to explore the problems affecting the spatial utilization matching degree and health benefits of urban waterfront parks,we propose targeted strategies to improve the health landscape function of different types of landscape spaces in urban waterfront parks.The main findings of this study:(1)The accessibility of each spatial node within the park shows decreasing characteristics from southeast to northwest,and the spatial vitality distribution shows decreasing characteristics from southeast to both sides;the spatial utilization matching degree gradually increases from the middle to both sides,i.e.,the spatial nodes located in the northwest and southeast directions are better matched;those with high utilization matching degree are mostly barge-type spaces,open square-type spaces and path-type spaces,and those with low utilization matching degree are mostly shaded spaces.Most of them are shaded spaces.(2)The spatial element evaluation index system of Minjiang Park was constructed by extracting and screening 4 criterion layers and 17 target layers.Based on the spatial element evaluation index system,the indexes are quantified for 22 sample points with the help of site actual measurement and so on.Through SPSS26.0 will be used to match degree and spatial elements for correlation analysis,to get different spatial types of correlation factors vary.(3)The health benefit evaluation system with 3 criterion levels and 15 target levels was extracted and constructed,as well as the health benefits(mental health,physical health,and social health)of 22 sample sites were obtained through questionnaire distribution,and the health benefit scores of each sample site were obtained and evaluated for analysis.(4)The following results were obtained by correlating the health benefits of different spatial types with spatial elements in Minjiang Park North Park:(1)Shaded spaces: green coverage,plant tree to shrub ratio,plant community structure,plant color and seasonal changes,hydrophilicity,height to width ratio,spatial enclosure,spatial color richness,paving ratio,density of leisure facilities,density of lighting facilities show positive correlation with health benefits,while human comfort and sky openness show negative correlation with health benefits.(2)Building-enclosed space: green view rate,blue view rate,plant color and seasonal change,hydrophilicity,space enclosure,space color richness and health benefits show positive correlation,plant community structure,human comfort,height to width ratio,sky openness show negative correlation.(3)Open square type space: green view rate,blue view rate,plant community structure,hydrophilicity,sky openness,spatial color richness,proportion of vignettes,density of lighting facilities,density of sanitation facilities show positive correlation and human comfort shows negative correlation.(4)Barge-type space: green coverage,green vision rate,blue vision rate,plant color and seasonal change,hydrophilicity,sky openness,space color richness,density of leisure facilities,density of lighting facilities,density of sanitation facilities are positively correlated,and pavement ratio shows negative correlation.(5)Path-type space: green coverage,green view rate,plant color and seasonal change,human comfort,spatial color richness,and lighting facility density show positive correlation;sanitation facility density shows negative correlation.(5)Through the above analysis,starting from the overall health service function of the site,aiming at the spatial elements that affect the health benefits of different types of landscape space in Minjiang Park,the specific optimization strategies of each type of space are put forward.