The Provision Of City Park And Its Optimization Strategy From The Perspective Of Public Health

With the process of urbanization,the burden of chronic diseases is rising globally.The prevention and control of chronic diseases has become the focus of global,and the full implementation of healthy urban construction is urgently needed.As an important multi-functional space in the city,urban parks have public properties.There have been a lot of overseas studies to explore the positive impact of urban parks on public health,but only a few domestic studies have explored the provision and optimization of urban parks from the perspective of public health,and the traditional urban park planning design is less concerned with actual public health problems from the characteristics of residents' behavior,which makes the potential health benefits of urban parks difficult to capture and optimize.In this paper,empirical research was carried out around the old city of Nanjing,combined with questionnaire survey and multi-source data to obtain basic data,based on SPSS24.0 and ArcGIS 10.6 software to introduce statistical models,GIS spatial analysis and other measurement methods.The research is devoted to exploring the relationship between urban park provision and residents' health,and explaining the health benefits of the park.By reviewed relevant theory and literatures at home and abroad,this study established the basic research framework and hypothesis of empirical research,which are "The Parks-Healthy Behavior Activities-Health Status" and "The Parks – Physical Health".The frequency of park visits,physical activity level,self-reported health status and body mass index of residents were investigated and used as dependent variables.The distance of the nearest park,park attraction,park availability and park area per capita were obtained and used as independent variables.Firstly,the overall of residents' health and the park provision indexes was provided through descriptive analysis,and the different characteristics of park provision were explored from the spatial level through ArcGIS,which established basic data for subsequent statistical models.Secondly,the statistical model of the park provision factors affecting public health status was constructed,the correlation between the provision situation of parks and health status of residents was analyzed.On this basis,the residents who visit the park were further taken as the object of analysis to deeply excavate the internal factors of the park to promote health behavior and achieve indirect promotion benefits,and the park quality factors were added to enrich the data of the park provision dimension.The results suggest that the health behaviors and physical health of residents were not ideal,especially in the elderly groups,there were significant spatial differences in the provision of parks,and the opportunities for residents to obtain the health benefits of the park were not balanced.The park provision factors had significant benefits for public health,the health benefits of different levels of park provision were different,and the indirect effect of park on public health was more significant than the direct promotion of health level.The way of indirect health promotion of parks could be summed up as stimulating activities and promoting activities.The stimulated effect of parks was mainly affected by the spatial distance factors of the nearest parks,the waters in nearest parks could significantly enhance this stimulated effect,if the distance exceeds a certain threshold,the quality of park is more likely to stimulate activities.The promotion effect of the activity was mainly reflected by the quality of various facilities and activities in the park,as well as the distance and other factors.Finally,according to the empirical research conclusion,the ways of health promotion of the park were summarized,and the optimization strategies and directions of park planning and design to support public health were put forward from the level of park design,Green space system planning and macro-control,so as to provide theoretical and empirical support for effectively improving public health and promoting healthy urban construction.