| Nanning Golden Camellia Park plays an important role in creating urban garden ecological environment,protecting the national rare plant golden camellia and enriching the connotation of Camellia sinensis culture.At present,the research on the park mainly includes the cultivation,propagation,disease and insect pests of golden camellia.The investigation of Artificial Plant Community landscape in the park is not comprehensive.The construction of artificial plant communities is human-led,and the creation of beautiful,scientific and sustainable development of plant landscapes is the issue we need to explore at present.In this paper,we take the artificial plant community in Golden Camellia Park as the research object and use literature research method,field survey method and statistical analysis method to analyze the species composition characteristics,species importance value and diversity,plant characteristics of different landscape functional areas and typical plant community landscape cases in the survey area to summarize the characteristics and shortcomings of the artificial plant community in Golden Camellia Park and put forward preliminary optimization suggestions.The results of the survey are as follows:(1)Plant species composition characteristics: There are 397 species of vascular plants in the sample area,belonging to 91 families and 238 genera,mainly angiosperms,and the number of plant species of various families is significant in the artificial plant community of the park,and the single species family only has the advantage in the number of families and the least number of plant species.The plant life type is complete,with 75 species of trees,81 species of shrubs,137 species of herbs,5species of bamboos and 9 species of vines in the non-Theaceae Plant,4species of trees and 86 species of shrubs in the Theaceae Plant,the predominance of herbs and evergreen shrubs,the ratio of evergreen to deciduous plants is 14.27:1,and there is a lack of bamboo plants and vine species.The species composition of the park’s plant community is more dependent on exotic plants and less on native plants,with a ratio of 1.54:1.The number of foliage and flowering plants in the park is significant,while the number of root-viewing plant species is the least.(2)Analysis of the importance value of artificial plant communities:the top ten species in the tree layer of the park are all evergreen trees,with the absolute dominant species being the Roystonea regia,the ratio of native and exotic species is balanced,and the Moraceae and Arecaceae trees are the dominant species in the tree layer of each landscape function area;the top ten plants in the shrub layer are all evergreen shrubs,with Rhapis excelsa as the dominant species;The top ten plants in the herbaceous layer are mainly shade plants,and the absolute dominant plant in the herbaceous layer of the whole park is Zoysia japonica,and the herbaceous layer of each landscape functional area has high similarity.The dominant species of plants in the tree and shrub layers of different landscape functional areas differ greatly,but the plants in the herb layer are similar,and the dominant species of plants fit the theme of the landscape functional areas,with a balanced proportion of native and exotic plants.The important values of the Theaceae plant community in the park were counted separately.In the Theaceae companion community,the woody plants are dominated by plants of the Caesalpiniaceae,Theaceae,Moraceae,Arecaceae and Euphorbiaceae,and the herbaceous plants are dominated by plants of the Liliaceae and Gramineae.The plant source tends to choose native plants to maintain the stability of the community.(3)Species diversity analysis of the artificial plant community: the Species richness index R,Simpson’s index D and Shapon-Wiener index H’ of the tree,shrub and herb layers in Golden Camellia Park are consistent: herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer,and the Species evenness index J shows the trend of shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer.The diversity of plant communities of different plot types: wet plant community > plant community around the building > plant community in patches > aquatic plant community.(4)Landscape cases of typical artificial plant communities: After screening,the 05004 community in the Fresh and Carefree Zone,the07026 community in the Civic Lawn,the 08002 community in the Camellia Boutique Zone,the 07011 community in the Civic Lawn,and the 04018 community in the Yinghu Tea Scent Zone were taken as landscape cases.After analysis,it is concluded that the landscape of each community case has the following characteristics: longer ornamental period;focus on the ornamental advantage of individual plants,rich color matching;rich seasonal changes to create dynamic beauty of plants;high suitability of plants and regional culture;some plant community design will consider regional functions,use different planting forms,and scientific selection of species.(5)The characteristics and optimization of the park’s artificial plant communities: Golden Camellia Park has the characteristics of plant maintenance and management in place,ideal landscape effect;focus on individual plant characteristics,high suitability of regional themes;long plant viewing period,flowers for all seasons,Camellia sinensis theme clear;scientific selection of companion plants,protection of the Theaceae plant community.However,some of the landscape has a high degree of depression of the tree layer,affecting the growth of golden camellia;lack of application of aquatic plants,wetland landscape lack of ecology;repeated application of herbaceous plants,the landscape has homogenization;less three-dimensional greening,vertical landscape single;plant landscape relies on foreign plants to a high degree,the problem of less native plants.In order to optimize the landscape of artificial plant communities in the park,it is proposed to regularly prune and cut the leaves of tall trees to create a light diffusing environment for Camellia to grow;to enhance the richness of aquatic plants to create an ecological barge landscape;to integrate the existing herbaceous resources to enhance the landscape of ground cover plants;to strengthen the application of vine plants to enrich the form of three-dimensional greening;to draw on the composition of wild plant populations and introduce native plants with regional characteristics. |
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