Research On Spatial Construction Wisdom And Conservation Inheritance Of Traditional Puzhai Villages In The Middle Reaches Of Qinhe River

Traditional villages are important carriers of Chinese traditional civilization and long history,and their construction wisdom can highlight the cultural connotation of traditional space.From ancient times to the present,in the course of social progress and development,people have derived from the original survival needs to the diversified and rich spiritual needs,which are expressed through the behavior activities in the material space,and condensed a series of intelligent space construction experience in the long construction process.In the middle reaches of Qinhe River in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,a group of traditional villages with fortress characteristics were formed under the influence of multi-cultural demands.Under the influence of modern culture and life,the old space was renovated and new space was constructed,while the protection of historical space and sites was neglected,resulting in the gradual deterioration of traditional villages.The newly built Spaces and facilities tended to be modern and lacked regional characteristics.Lack of heritage and protection of historical space construction experience and wisdom.The traditional Baozhai villages in the middle reaches of Qinhe River have complex terrain conditions and relatively closed space.Before the reform and opening up,the development speed and spatial renewal speed were relatively slow.The historical space of the villages was well preserved,with a strong local cultural atmosphere,and still maintained the traditional spatial pattern and construction mode.The original spatial texture was damaged to a certain extent.Especially around 2000,a large number of new spatial constructions began to appear in the villages,making the middle reaches of Qinhe River a typical area of contradiction and conflict between the new and old Spaces.Traditional Baozhai villages include three functional types:commercial,clan and military,with their own unique construction wisdom.This study combines qualitative and quantitative methods such as space syntax,mathematical statistics and summary,and takes seven typical traditional Baozhai villages as examples from five spatial levels: construction site selection,overall layout,street pattern,architectural form and marking nodes.This paper explores the common characteristics of traditional Baozhai villages in the middle reaches of Qinhe River and the individual spatial construction wisdom of different types of villages,and analyzes the difficulties faced by the protection and inheritance of the spatial construction wisdom of three different functional types of villages by stratification and classification,and proposes the strategies for the protection and inheritance of the construction wisdom by stratification and classification accordingly.First,combined with the relevant village examples,the wisdom of village space construction is analyzed from five aspects.In terms of construction site selection,the village has the wisdom of building according to the terrain and surrounded by mountains and water;In terms of overall layout,the village has the construction wisdom of boundary limitation and structural growth;In terms of street pattern,the village has three levels of streets and alleys,and the scale and rank of the construction wisdom;In terms of architectural form,the residential buildings have the characteristics of four big and eight small,two floors and three rooms;In terms of marking node space shaping,it has the construction wisdom of composite functional organization to show vitality and characteristics.Secondly,on the basis of excavating the wisdom of traditional village space construction in the middle reaches of Qinhe River,this paper summarizes the current difficulties faced by the protection and inheritance of village space construction wisdom:in terms of construction site selection,environmental factors are destroyed and landscape characteristics are ignored;In terms of the overall layout,the boundary limit is broken,and the spatial growth is disorderly;Street pattern: the traffic level is chaotic,and the external connection is poor;In terms of architectural form,the architectural function is single,and the structural form is variable;In terms of identification nodes,the combination form is alienated and separated from local characteristics.It also explores the root causes of protection and inheritance: social and cultural changes,industrial structure transformation,and single governance subject.Finally,in response to the current predicament,the paper puts forward the basic guarantee and strategy for the protection and inheritance of wisdom of village spatial construction,that is,on the basis of enhancing the sense of identity of traditional culture,continuously improving and optimizing the industrial structure,and diversifying the governance subjects,from the aspect of construction site selection,environmental elements are protected and landscape characteristics are strengthened.In terms of overall layout,delimit the development boundary and continue the spatial structure;In terms of street pattern,create multilevel streets and alleys to adjust the road shape;In terms of architectural form,protecting architectural form and implanting innovative functions;In terms of space nodes,it can stimulate the vitality of nodes,enhance the memory of places,and protect and inherit the wisdom of village space construction.