Research On Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Independent Bookstores In Xi’an

With the continuous expansion of urban areas and the increasing demand for reading,people’s functional demands for bookstores have gradually diversified.In the process of changing to develop themselves in terms of commercial operations,traditional brick-andmortar bookstores have begun to convert to mixed-use public cultural spaces.Independent bookstores are a type of cultural consumption space in the transformation period of physical bookstores’ development.Understanding the spatial distribution characteristics and patterns of independent bookstores plays an important role in the development of urban retail industries and the construction of urban cultural spaces.This paper uses multi-source big data to study the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of independent bookstores in the main urban six districts and streets of Xi’an,focusing on independent bookstores as the main research objects.The methods include nuclear density analysis,buffer zone analysis,collaborative spatial analysis,and correlation analysis.The purpose is to explore the overall spatial distribution characteristics of independent bookstores in Xi’an,and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of independent bookstores classified by type and the relationship between independent bookstores and public libraries.The goal is to establish a indicator system for influencing factors of independent bookstores’ spatial distribution,and explore the influencing factors of independent bookstores’ spatial layout.Finally,the paper takes Xi’an’s Yanta District as a typical case to further analyze the spatial impact of independent bookstores in that area.The results show that:(1)The overall spatial distribution pattern of independent bookstores in Xi’an is characterized by the "dual core-two belt-zero" spatial distribution pattern.The "dual core-two belt" region exhibits a belt-like distribution space pattern consistent with urban planning policies,while the "zero star" region presents a point-like distribution form of smallscale concentrated clustering.(2)According to different types of spatial distribution characteristics,large independent bookstores as urban cultural landmarks mainly cluster in the commercial centers of cities.Commercial complexes and streets become the main locations for brand-name small independent bookstores.Local small independent bookstores,because they serve communities,exhibit the characteristics of being located near communities.(3)The spatial relationship between independent bookstores and public libraries is characterized by low similarity but significant regional complementarity.Independent bookstores are more likely to be attracted to public libraries for layout.(4)Six influencing factors,including population,transportation,culture,industry,target audience,and economic,significantly affect the spatial distribution of independent bookstores in Xi’an.Unlike traditional physical bookstores,the spatial distribution of independent bookstores is more influenced by cultural resources and consumer groups.(5)Taking Yanta District as an example,the empirical analysis above was conducted.The spatial characteristics of independent bookstores in Yanta District were analyzed from three aspects: overall characteristics,classified types,and combinations.The influence factors of independent bookstores on their spatial distribution were analyzed from four aspects: spatial structure elements,facilities elements,transportation elements,and costs elements.(6)Further research is needed on the spatial impacts of independent bookstores on urban spaces.Independent bookstores are a type of extraterritorial spaces and experiential consumption spaces in the spiritual space.In physical space,the layout and selection site of independent bookstores are closely related to urban environments and neighborhood communities.(7)It is worth noting that some new retail models of independent bookstores have shown different layout characteristics from traditional ones.Although traditional locational clustering effects still exist,the influencing factors have changed significantly,and the spatial distribution of book retail will become more stratified and segmented.