Research On Automatic Container Unloading System

In recent years,with the rapid growth of logistics transportation volume,the workload and intensity of work in the warehousing field have also increased rapidly.The use of automated equipment to replace manual labor has become a significant trend.In ports,the handling of container goods is a simple task,and many enterprises still use manual loading and unloading,with high labor intensity and tedious work.In order to reduce labor intensity and improve the happiness index of workers,designing an automatic unloading equipment has important practical significance.This article focuses on the unloading process of container cargo and designs an automatic unloading system in the fields of mechanics,electricity,and gas.It can achieve automatic unloading of container cargo and effectively improve work efficiency.In order to adapt to the narrow working environment in the container,the automatic unloading system adopts a three-link structure,so that it has a compact mechanical structure.According to the different functions of the components,the automatic unloading system is divided into four parts: a material tray,a swing arm mechanism,a chassis,and a conveying device.The material tray adopts pneumatic components such as vacuum suction cups and cylinders,which not only completes the overall mechanical structure layout of the automatic unloading system,but also designs the pneumatic system.According to the actual situation,the driving gear of the swing arm mechanism and the swing arm are the main load-bearing components of the automatic unloading system.This thesis has completed the structural analysis of the key components,including structural statics analysis,dynamic analysis and modal analysis.Through analysis and calculation,the feasibility of structural design was verified,laying the foundation for the assembly and operation of the automatic unloading system.According to the working process of the automatic unloading system,Omron PLC was selected as the controller,and a hardware platform for the control system was built by combining servo controller,frequency converter,speed controller,field bus,etc.Based on this,the design of the electric control cabinet and electrical schematic diagram was completed.In the software design of the control system,the program design and human-machine interface design of the automatic unloading system have been completed.The size parameters of the cargo box can be changed through the touch screen to complete the automatic unloading work for different cargo boxes.The touch screen can also display the operating status of the automatic unloading system,which facilitates operators to monitor the equipment and goods at any time and improves the safety of the automatic unloading system.After on-site debugging of the automatic unloading system,the coordinated operation of various mechanisms has been achieved.Finally,an automatic unloading test was conducted on the unloading system,and the results showed that the automatic unloading system can efficiently,safely,and stably complete the unloading of box cargo.