Study On The Optimization Of Emergency Evacuation Paths In Case Of Emergencies

In recent years,domestic and international catastrophic emergencies have emerged one after another,posing a significant threat to human life safety.Only by taking effective evacuation measures can safe evacuation be ensured.Therefore,it is necessary to develop an emergency evacuation plan in advance,and the evacuation route is an important component of the emergency evacuation plan.Optimizing the emergency evacuation route is crucial for improving emergency evacuation efficiency and protecting the safety of people’s lives and property.By studying the relevant theories of emergency evacuation path optimization both domestically and internationally,and analyzing the characteristics and classification of emergencies,as well as the main influencing factors of emergency evacuation,this paper summarizes the changes in the traffic network and characteristics under emergencies.Based on this,the paper studies the optimization of emergency evacuation paths under multi-objective conditions for the regional road network where emergencies occur.The main research content is as follows:(1)Summarize the shortest path emergency evacuation model,shortest time emergency evacuation model,and minimum risk emergency evacuation model,and provide three corresponding mathematical models.Based on the analysis of their influencing factors,analyze and compare them from three aspects: evacuation efficiency,applicable environment,and safety.(2)Focus on the relevant risks during the evacuation process,indicating that risk factors seriously affect the feasibility and effectiveness of emergency evacuation plans.To address this issue,a multi-objective optimization emergency evacuation model is proposed,which considers both the shortest evacuation time and the minimum risk evacuation.By standardizing the range,weights are assigned to the two objectives and transformed into a single objective.Under the premise of considering the capacity of the evacuation road network,the Frank Wolfe algorithm is used to allocate traffic volume,making the distribution of traffic flow and changes in road impedance more balanced.(3)Conduct case simulations in a toxic gas leakage environment.After analyzing the impact range of the accident,starting from the most basic vehicle evacuation traffic,study each evacuation object during the evacuation process.With the goal of minimizing the total risk and total evacuation time of all objects during the evacuation process,combine the K-shortest path algorithm with particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal evacuation plan.Through the research in this article,a multi-objective optimization emergency evacuation model was proposed,taking into account the two main influencing factors of evacuation time and evacuation process risk.The feasibility of the model was verified through simulation,enriching the theoretical knowledge of constructing emergency evacuation models and providing reference and reference for research on emergency traffic evacuation path planning.