Optimal Fertilization Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium And Paclobutrazol On Ophiopogon Japonicus (Linn.f.) Ker-Gawl.based On The Yield And Quality

Ophiopogon Radix is the root of Ophiopogon japonicus,is an extensively used herbal medicine.So far,no standard agricultural measure has established,furthermore,the application of paclobutrazol was overused to improve yield.Therefore,a 4 factors quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design was carried out,combining regression equations,frequency statistical method as well as fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,to find out the impact of agricultural measure on agronomic traits,quality of O.japonicus as well as soil.Accordingly,a high yield and high quality fertilization of O.japonicus was figured out.Main results were as follows:1 Effects of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium and paclobutrazol on the growth of O.japonicusFertilization had effect on aerial part growth.Nitrogen showed negative effect on leaf number,leaf length and leaf dry matter during later growing stage.Phosphorous showed no significant impact on the growth.Potassium had positive effect on leaf length,leaf number.During later growing stage,paclobutrazol showed negative influence on leaf length,leaf number,leaf dry matter.Nitrogen and phosphorous showed antagonism effect on leaf number,leaf dry matter.Phosphorous and potassium showed synergistic reaction on tiller number.Fertilization had effect on underground part growth.Nitrogen showed negative effect on fibrous root length,fibrous root number and root dry weight during later growing stage.Phosphorous showed no significant impact on the growth.Potassium had positive effect on root number.During later growing stage,paclobutrazol showed negative influence on fibrous root length and number,root number and root dry matter.Nitrogen and phosphorous showed synergistic reaction on root number.2 Effects of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium and paclobutrazol on the yield of O.japonicusOptimal fertilization significantly improved the yield.The contribution rate of each factor to yield was:nitrogen>paclobutrazol>potassium>phosphorous,indicating nitrogen and paclobutrazol played important roles in regulating the growth of roots.With the increasing level of nitrogen and paclobutrazol application,the yield decreased.3 Effects of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium and paclobutrazol on the quality of O.japonicusOptimal fertilization significantly improved the quality.Treatment had significant impact on total ash,total saponin,paclobutrazol residue and root rot disease severity,while showed no significant impact on water-soluble extract.Total ash was positive related to nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium,besides,nitrogen and phosphorous showed synergistic reaction.Phosphorous influenced total saponin most,total saponin was positive related with nitrogen and phosphorous,while was negative related with paclobutrazol.Root rot disease was increased with the increasing application of nitrogen and paclobutrazol,nitrogen impact the root rot disease most.The application of nitrogen and paclobutrazol increased paclobutrazol residue,besides,nitrogen and phosphorous showed synergistic reaction on root rot disease.4 Optimal fertilization of high yield and high qualityBased on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and frequency evaluation,fertilization of high yield and high quality was obtained as:1287.6～1323.3 kg/hm~2nitrogen fertilizer,2015～2285 kg/hm~2phosphorous fertilizer,828.01～937.32 kg/hm~2potassium fertilizer,43.58～56.55 kg/hm~2 paclobutrazol.5 Effects of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium and paclobutrazol on the quality of soilpH was significantly decreased with the increasing application of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium,paclobutrazol residue in soil was positive related with the application of paclobutrazol.Treatments showed no significantly on available N,P,K and organic matter.