| Grifola frondosa has the characters of crisp texture and chicken flavor,and also has extremely high nutritional value,such as anti-tumor,anti-HIV virus,regulating blood sugar and other important medicinal value.In recent years,Grifola industry in China has developed rapidly.At present,the yield of Grifola in China ranks second in the world,while it is still facing the problems of simplex cultivar,poor strain adaptability and low biological efficiency,which seriously restrict the development of Grifola industry.In this study,the excellent new strains of F1 generation of Grifola were bred by monospore hybridization,through high temperature resistance screening in mycelium stage and combined with the investigation and analysis of agronomic traits and yield in mycelium stage and fruiting stage.Providing germplasm basis for further screening of new cultivars and impetus for the development of Grifola frondosa industry.The main results of this experiment are as follows:1.Identification of genetic relations among 6 strains indicated that when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.71,the strains were divided into five clusters:the first cluster involves N1 and N2;other strains were divided in different clusters,respectively.2.The mycelium and fruiting stage growth,agronomic characters and biological efficiency of 6 strains were compared,and the strains of Q and Y with aesthetic fruiting body,early-emergence,color variation,high biological efficiency and distant genetic relation were selected as hybrid parents.The days of bud emergence of parent cultivars,Q and Y,were all 45.33 d;the growth cycle was 142.00 d and 139.67d,respectively;the biological efficiency was 86.82%and 76.05%,respectively.3.20 strains of Y and 36 strains of Q were obtained by making spore suspension of parents Q and Y,single spore isolation,spore germination and microscopic examination of single spore strains.4.By cross pairing of parental Q and Y mononuclear strains,720 hybrid combinations were obtained.108 effective hybrid progenies with clamp connections were identified by microscopic examination,and antagonistic tests were carried out with parental Q and Y,88 hybrids with obvious antagonistic lines were obtained.5.Gradient treatments of high temperature indicated that the lethal temperature of parental Q was 39℃,and that of parental Y was 41℃.48 high temperature-resistant progeny strains were selected.6.Molecular markers were used to identify the relations between 48 hybrid progeny strains and their parents,At a genetic coefficient of 0.70,progeny strains were divided into 15 clusters.ZJ56 and ZJ62 were clustered into the first group.ZJ47 and ZJ70 were clustered into the second group.ZJ21 and ZJ32were clustered into the third group.;ZJ18 and ZJ19 were clustered into the fourth group.ZJ10 and ZJ20 were clustered into the fifth group;ZJ78,ZJ13,ZJ22 and ZJ24 were clustered into the sixth group;ZJ58,ZJ68,ZJ69,ZJ73,ZJ74 and ZJ84 were clustered into the seventh group;ZJ1,ZJ4,ZJ77,ZJ78,ZJ85,Q and Y were clustered into the eighth group;While ZJ23,ZJ11,ZJ12,ZJ34,ZJ59 and ZJ26 were clustered into different groups,respectively.Other hybrid progeny strains were clustered into one group.7.By comparing the mycelia growth of 48 hybrid progenies with their parents,the growth of fruiting bodies,agronomic traits,biological efficiency,fruiting body morphology and other related indicators,the strain ZJ23 was selected as the superior strain.The results showed that strain ZJ23 produced ruiting bodies earlier,14.33 days earlier than the parent strains;the average growth time of fruiting bodies was 13.67 days,1-11.33 days earlier than the parent strains.The results showed that the transition period was no significant difference between ZJ23 and the parent Q;the biological efficiency was up to 105.06%,which was 16.74%and 32.06%higher than that of the parent strains;through the investigation of agronomic characters of fruiting bodies,the mushroom shape was beautiful,the color of the pileus was gray brown,it has strong adaptability to high temperature,which fit breeding aims. |
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