Effects Of Guanidinoacetic Acid On Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Muscle Fibers And Fat Cells Developing In Finishing Pigs

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of guanidine acetic acid supplementation on performance,slaughter performance,muscle growth and fat deposition in finishing pigs.In the experiment,20 purebred white pigs of the same batch were randomly divided into guanidine acetic acid adding group and control group(10 pigs in each group).Add 1000 mg / kg guanidinoacetic acid to the basic diet of the experimental group for a 56-day regular feed.Backfat,body weight,body length,body height,chest circumference,chest depth and neck circumference were measured every 2 weeks during the main feeding.After the test,all test pigs are transported to the dressinghouse,dressinged according to the conventional process,and related samples are collected.The results are as follows:(1)The daily gain(P < 0.05)and the net growth of body length(P < 0.05)were significantly increased,the feed to meat ratio(P < 0.05)and the back fat(P < 0.01).Compared with the growth and development curve of the same time point of guanidine acetic acid addition group and the control group,it was found that the daily weight gain curve showed a very significant difference(P < 0.01)in two weeks and four weeks,the feed / meat ratio curve showed a significant difference(P < 0.05)in two weeks and four weeks,the back fat growth curve showed a very significant difference(P < 0.01)in two weeks,six weeks and eight weeks,and the back fat growth curve showed a significant difference(P < 0.05)in four weeks 。There was no significant difference in body weight,body length,body height,chest circumference,chest depth and neck circumference(P >0.05).(2)In the aspect of slaughter performance,the back fat of carcass decreased significantly(P < 0.05),while the slaughter rate,carcass slant length,eye muscle area and lean meat rate increased,but the effect was not significant(P > 0.05).(3)Through fluorescence quantification,it was found that guanidinoacetic acid had no significant effect on the expression of AGAT in the viscera(P> 0.05),but the expression of AGAT in the kidney showed a decreasing trend(P = 0.059).Guanidinoacetic acid can significantly increase the expression of GAMT in the brain and kidney(P <0.05),extremely significantly increase the expression in the liver(P <0.01),but not significantly in the spleen and lung(P> 0.05).(4)Guanidinoacetic acid can significantly increase the diameter of muscle cells in 7different parts(P <0.01).The frequency distribution data of fiber diameter showed that the muscle fibers in different parts concentrated to a larger diameter range.Fluorescence quantification found that guanidinoacetic acid can significantly increase the relative expression of Myo D,Myo G and Myf5 gene m RNA in muscle tissue.At the same time,guanidinoacetic acid can affect the m RNA expression of My HCⅠ,My HC-Ⅱb,My HC-ⅡX and My HC-Ⅱa in muscle,and change the muscle fiber typing.(5)Guanidinoacetic acid can significantly reduce the diameter of adipocytes in 7different parts(P <0.01).The frequency distribution data of adipocyte diameter showed that adipocytes concentrated in smaller diameter range.Through fluorescence quantification,guanidinoacetic acid can significantly reduce the expression of PPARγ,SREBF1,FASN and LPL in muscle tissue.In general,guanidinoacetic acid can improve the growth performance of finishing pigs and promote muscle hypertrophy by increasing the expression of genes related to myogenesis.In addition,the addition of guanidinoacetic acid also changed muscle fiber typing,and at the same time reduced fat deposits in finishing pigs by reducing the expression of genes related to fat production.