Effects Of Allium Mongolicum Regel On Rumen Fermentation,Rumen Microflora And Growth Performance Of Mutton Sheep

Allium mongolicum Regel,belonging to the angiosperms,liliaceae and Allium mongolicum,is characterized by drought resistance,cold resistance and strong adaptability.In recent years,allium mongolicum Regel and its products have been widely used in animal production because of its potential in improving palatability of feed,quality and flavor of animal products and enhancing animal immunity.The purpose of this study was to study the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel(AMRP)on rumen fermentation,microflora and growth performance of mutton sheep,and to provide theoretical support for the application of shallot powder in ruminant production.In order to explore the effect of Allium mongolicum powder on rumen fermentation in vitro and dry matter digestibility,the experiment was carried out by in vitro artificial rumen method.The experiment was divided into control group(CON group)(using corn flour + straw 0.3g as fermentation substrate)and shallot group S1,S2 and S3(adding 0.15 g,0.1g and 0.05 g shallot powder to the fermentation substrate respectively).The gas production of each group was recorded at different time points(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,14,16,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,56,64 and 72h),and the p H value of the fermentation broth was measured after 72 h of fermentation Ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)and volatile fatty acid(VFA)content.At the same time,the changes of 48 h dry matter digestibility in each group were measured by in vitro method.The results showed that Allium mongolicum powder had a positive effect on Rumen Fermentation of ruminants.The addition of 0.05 g Allium mongolicum powder significantly reduced the proportion of total volatile acid,acetic acid and propionic acid in the fermentation broth(P < 0.01),significantly reduced the concentration of NH3-N(P < 0.05),and significantly increased the total gas production,propionic acid,butyric acid,valeric acid content and dry matter digestibility of the fermentation broth(P <0.01).In order to study the effect of Allium mongolicum powder on rumen microflora,the fermentation of each group was terminated after 72 hours in vitro,and the changes of rumen microflora were analyzed by 16 Sr RNA sequencing technology.The results show that:(1)a total of 1828 OTUs were obtained.(2)Ace index,species coverage and chaol index in S1,S2 and S3 groups were significantly higher than those in con group(P < 0.01);The Shannon index of S1,S2 and S3 groups were significantly higher than that of con group(P < 0.05),among which S3 group > S2 > S1.(3)Seven bacterial phyla were detected at the phylum level,among which the Firmicutes in group S2 and Bacteroidetes in group S3 were significantly higher than those in group con(P < 0.01).(4)The 23 genera with high relative abundance at the genus level accounted for more than 99% of the total flora.The results showed that the dominant bacteria in S1,S2,S3 and con groups were all physiologically studied bacteria＿Rc9(rikenella ceae＿rc9＿gut＿group),prevotellal.Compared with con group,S1,S2 and S3 groups have the same physical research bacteria＿Rc9 increased significantly(P < 0.05);Prevotella increased significantly in S3 group(P < 0.05).In order to study the effect of Allium mongolicum powder on the production performance of mutton sheep,60 healthy Small Tailed Han sheep and dongwuzhumuqin sheep(26.5 ± 0.5kg)with similar age and weight were selected.They were randomly divided into control group and Allium mongolicum group according to their weight,with 30 in each group.The control group was fed with basic diet,and the Allium mongolicum group was supplemented with 30 g head day Allium mongolicum powder.The feeding period is 60 days.During the experimental period,feed and fecal samples are collected every two weeks.At the beginning and end of the experiment,the weight of mutton sheep is recorded for two consecutive days,and the average is taken as the initial weight and final weight.The results showed that the addition of 30 g Allium mongolicum powder in the diet had no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of nutrients,dry matter,crude protein,crude fat,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.Conclusion: the addition of Allium mongolicum powder can regulate the fermentation state of rumen microorganisms and improve the composition of rumen microflora to a certain extent.Adding 30 g Allium mongolicum powder to the diet had no significant effect on the production performance and digestibility of main nutrients of mutton sheep.