| The annual consumption of live pigs in China is 50 ～ 600 million,accounting for80% of all meat consumption.With the increasing demand for meat products,the development of live pig industry plays an active role in easing the demand and stabilizing the people ’ s livelihood.Due to the obvious withdrawal of free-range farmers,the scale of pig breeding in China has been raised,and the scale of pig breeding will become the main trend in the future,with the increase of scale,the increase of production cost,the scarcity of cultivated land resources,the increase of residents ’ demand for meat products,the increase of opportunity cost and the influence of environmental appraisal,etc.,it is urgent to optimize the layout of pig production in China because of the higher requirement.In this paper,the development status of pig breeding industry in China is reviewed,and the distribution index and concentration measurement are used to introduce the movement and current characteristics of pig breeding distribution in China.Through the understanding of the reality of pig breeding industry,using econometric model from the national and regional two directions to calculate the layout of factors.The main influencing factors chosen in this paper are from the perspectives of resource endowment,market conditions,economic development,industrial base and environmental regulation,based on the theory of Comparative Advantage,this paper calculates the resource endowment from four aspects: land carrying capacity,consumption market potential,live pig rate,live pig scale raising rate.The results show that:(1)From the national point of view,the focus of China’s pig industry is located in the south,but in recent years there has been a trend of moving to the north,and in the national level shows a diffusion model.Heilongjiang and Guizhou are emerging areas for pig farming.(2)There is obvious negative relationship between the ratio of corn yield and the distribution of pig breeding industry.The proportion of wheat yield,land carrying capacity,consumption market potential,pig-out rate and pig-raising rate showed positive relationship with pig-breeding industry.From a regional perspective,the proportion of wheat yield in the eastern and western regions has a strong positive impact,the land carrying capacity,the consumption market potential,the pig-out rate and the pig-raising rate all showed the obvious positive effect in the three areas,which was consistent with the national results.(3)Optimization of the layout: The scale of pig production in areas with moderate development and potential growth will be expanded by increasing the breeding of live pigs and piglets and reducing taxes,to guide the transformation of key development areas and restricted development areas by learning from other excellent regions such as the mode of production,and to implement family breeding in mountainous provinces and select suitable pig breeds according to their actual conditions,mode of production said,to train farmers in breeding knowledge and improve their awareness of environmental protection and advanced management concepts.The government should develop the management mode of the pig-breeding advantage area of government + enterprise + farmer in the advantage area.In order to improve production efficiency,increase the income of farmers,promote large-scale development,ecological green sustainable development path.(4)Suggestions:Different regions should focus on rational allocation of resources,coordination of the internal structure of the industry,raising the concentration of pig breeding,and ecological intensive breeding. |
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