Effect Of Biochar,Nano-carbon And Different Improvers On Soilless Culture Substrate

In order to solve the problems of high cost of traditional peat substrates and prominent obstacles to continuous soil cultivation in facility horticultural production.In this study,the tomato variety "Fendeli"was used as the research object,and experiment(1)was carried out:10 treatments were designed,and 5 peat substrate treatments(CKJ:peat substrate,J5S:peat substrate+5%biochar,J10S:peat substrate+10%biochar,J5N:peat matrix+5%nanocarbon,J10N:peat matrix+10%nanocarbon);5 treatments of vermicompost(CKQ:vermicompost,Q5S:vermicompost+5%biochar,Q10S:earthworm Dung+10%biochar,Q5N:vermicompost+5%nano-carbon,Q5S:vermicompost+10%nano-carbon).Test(2):The vermicompost treatment with the best cultivation effect was screened from test(1),and the addition ratio of various modifiers was screened through pot experiment.Experiment(3)The vermicompost without carbon was used as the control,mixed with sulfur,desulfurized gypsum,humic acid(five levels each),5%biochar or 10%nano-carbon was added to the vermicompost for field experiment,and the improved vermicompost was screened out.The best combination.The results of the study are as follows:1.Effects of exogenous carbon addition on tomato growth,substrate physicochemical properties and microbial community under different substrates(1)Compared with the single peat substrate(CKJ),the plant growth and organic acid content of the 5%biochar and 10%nanocarbon composite substrate were significantly improved.The addition of biochar and nanocarbons significantly increased Vc and soluble solids;comprehensive analysis showed that adding different levels of biochar and nanocarbon to peat substrate and vermicompost had better effects on plant growth and vermicompost compared with single peat substrate and vermicompost.Quality and yield are promoted.Compared with single vermicompost(CKQ),the yield of vermicompost added with 10%nano-carbon was the highest in both crops.The organic matter content of each treatment increased significantly,and the total porosity,total nitrogen content and C/N increased significantly in the addition of 10%nanocarbon to vermicompost.the comprehensive yield and soil quality were analyzed,and the results showed that the addition of different levels of compared with single peat matrix and vermicompost,biochar and nanocarbon are more conducive to the improvement of matrix physicochemical properties and enzyme activity.(2)Replacing vermicompost with exogenous carbon is more beneficial to the increase of bacterial microbial community diversity,species abundance and bacterial community structure than peat substrate.Among the bacteria,Actinomycetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in each treatment of peat,and Actinomycetes,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Chlorella were the dominant phyla in each treatment of vermicompost;among fungi,ascomycetes and basidiomycetes were the dominant phyla in each treatment of peat bacteria,and ascomycetes and unclassified fungi were the dominant phyla in each treatment of vermicompost.In view of comprehensive substrate quality and microbial diversity,the soilless culture substrate combination of 10%nanocarbon instead of vermicompost is more beneficial for tomato facility cultivation.2.Effects of Exogenous Carbon and Different Amendment Additions on Tomato Growth and Substrate CharacteristicsCompared with single vermicompost(CQ),the addition of no exogenous carbon and different amendments significantly increased the total nitrogen content of tomato plant roots and stems(except 5SG treatment),and the 5SS and 10N treatments significantly increased total pores.Compared with 5S and 10N,the total porosity and water-holding porosity of the treatments increased with the amendments;5SS had the highest fruit quality,biomass and fruit yield,and the bulk density decreased significantly while the total porosity increased;10NS and 10NF treated Vc The content increased significantly,and the soluble solid content,organic acid content and dry and fresh weight of the shoots increased significantly in the 10NG treatment.The pH of each treatment decreased significantly,organic matter,C/N(except for 10NG and 10NF treatments),available potassium(except for 5S,5SG and 10N treatments),available nitrogen content(except for 5SG,10NS and 10NF treatments)and total nitrogen content(except for 5SS,5SG and 10NG treatments)were significantly increased.Combined with principal component analysis,it was concluded that the combination of 5%biochar+vermicompost+5.10 g/kg of sulfur had the best improvement effect,which could improve fruit quality to a certain extent.