Differential Analysis Of The Effects Of Two Pond Culture Modes On The Cultivation Effect And Physiological Function Of Carassius Auratus Gibelio

In order to explore the effects of different breeding modes on the growth of Carassius auratus gibelio,the Carassius auratus gibelio of seven-month-old pond ecological culture mode（M1）and pond ecological interplanting mode（M2）were used as the research materials.The effects of shape and morphological traits on weight gain,body color,physical characteristics of dorsal muscle tissue,muscle nutrient composition content,organ digestive enzyme activity and antioxidant enzyme activity were compared in this research.（1）Shape and quality differences:39 of the 61 biological indicators and 16 of the 20shape and quality evaluation indicators were significantly different between M1 and M2,respectively.The Euclidean distance calculated by the two methods was 0.22（P<0.05）;five principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 80.844%.The first principal component could be attributed to energy metabolism factors related to organ allocation,the second principal component could be attributed to exercise feeding factors represented by head length and head width,and the last three principal components could be attributed to fat and thin factors related to body height and body shape.Using stepwise discriminant method,C9、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16 and C20 as independent variables,the established Fisher classification function equations can clearly distinguish the two breeding modes of Carassius auratus gibelio.The discriminant accuracy of M1 mode P1 and P2 were 98.6%and 94.5%,respectively.The discriminant accuracy of M2 mode P1 and P2 were 94.3%and 95.8%,and the comprehensive discriminant rate was 96.4%.（2）Differences of morphological quality on weight gain:The results of bioassay showed that those with VC value greater than 10%were quality traits,and those with VC value less than 10%were body size traits.Except that NW、X₁、X₅ and X₆ showed M1<M2（P<0.05）,X₄ and organ mass showed M1>M2（P<0.05）,there was no significant difference among other traits（P>0.05）.Among the 8 body size traits and 6 quality traits involved,except that the correlation coefficient between heart mass（W₅）and body mass did not reach a significant level,the correlation coefficient between body size traits and quality traits and body mass reached a very significant level.Through path analysis and multiple correlation analysis,the total determination coefficient and multiple correlation index of M1and M2 retained body size trait combinations X₅-X₁-X₂and X₂-X₃-X₁-X₅ were 0.889 and0.927 respectively,and the total determination coefficient and multiple correlation index of weighing trait combinations NW-W₂-W₁-W₃ and NW-W₂ were 0.992 and 0.971 respectively.Through partial regression analysis,the M1 optimal equations that can be used to estimate BW are:BW=0.683X₅+0.338X₁+0.385X₂-74.431、BW=1.096NW+1.025W₂+2.433 W₁+3.504W₃+0.507;Optimal equations for M2 are:BW=0.809X₂+0.214X₁+0.931X₃+0.225X₅-57.512、BW=1.096NW+1.287W₂+1.044。（3）The quality differences:There were significant differences in body color between two groups in abdomen and lateral line the figure were M1<M2,M1>M2,respectively.In addition to viscosity and resilience,there were significant differences in physical properties of dorsal muscle between the two models（elasticity:M1>M2,adhesiveness:M1>M2,and chewiness:M1>M2）.Significant differences in the figure of moisture and fat contents in muscle nutrients were M1>M2、M1<M2,respectively.The contents of fatty acids and amino acids in the muscle of crucian carp cultured in the two modes were also different,and the total SAF content was M1<M2,the total MUFA content was M1<M2,the total PUFA content was M1>M2.（4）Physiological function difference:In terms of digestive enzymes in two groups,intestinal amylase activity was M1<M2（P<0.05）,pepsin activity was M1≈M2（P<0.05）,liver lipase activity was M1>M2（P<0.05）.In terms of antioxidant enzyme,the organ of heart、liver and gill CAT activity was M1≈M2（P>0.05）、M1>M2（P>0.05）、M1≈M2（P>0.05）,and POD activity was M1≈M2（P>0.05）、M1<M2（P>0.05）、M1≈M2（P>0.05）,respectively.As for liver ATP enzyme,it showed M1<M2（P<0.05）in Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase,M1<M2（P>0.05）in Ca²⁺Mg²⁺-ATPase,respectively.In terms of respiratory physiology of the two breeding modes,the Carassius auratus gibelio in M1 mode has stronger hypoxia tolerance,there is no significant difference in respiratory excretion between the two,and the circadian rhythm is more obvious.