Screening And Combination Test Of Heterotopic Fermentation Bed Strains For Cattle In Chongqing

Southwestern Region is one of the four dominant beef producing areas in China.Due to the increase in large-scale farms and the number of raised animals,fecal pollution has become a major problem that restricts the development of beef cattle industry and animal husbandry.Ectopic Fermentation Bed Technology is a high-quality and high-efficient technology to solve the pollution of livestock and poultry feces.One of the key elements for Fermentation Bed Technology is strain screening.Because of the influence of high temperature and high humidity climate in Chongqing Region,it is of great significance to search for the combination of local high quality strains suitable for Chongqing Region.In this research,Chongqing’s local cattle compost,mature fermentation bed padding material,the organic manure from cattle manure farm and cattle compost from the cattle farm are used as the separation materials.We study their biological properties,so as to select strains with high temperature and deodorization resistance,as well as clarify their biological classification status.The selected strains with excellent resistance to high temperature and deodorization are combined with the excellent cellulose,starch and protein degrading bacteria obtained by the Research Group,in order to form composite microbial agents,which are applied to simulated fermented cattle bed.Finally,the effect of simulated fermentation bed is evaluated.The main findings are as follows:1.Screening of High Temperature Resistant and Deodorizing Strains from Cattle DungIn the experiment,55 strains of bacteria are isolated and purified at 50℃.Through sensory evaluation,preliminary screening of selective mediu,and re-screening of ammonia emissions,9 strains with high temperature tolerance and deodorizing ability are obtained(5 bacteria,4 fungi).9 strains have good ability to reduce ammonia gas.Ammonia reduction reaches at 61.11%(XF1%)and 61.42%(成 %).All 9 strains of test bacteria can grow at 50-60℃,and there is no antagonism between the strains,so it is suitable for the preparation of compound bacteria in the fermentation bed strain.2.Enzyme Production Characteristics of Excellent StrainsBy using CMC enzyme saccharification and iodine solution colorimetry,cellulase and amylase properties of 9 trains are tested.The results show that all strains have the ability to produce cellulase and amylase.The strongest cellulase producing strain is "成 ",whose cellulase production capacity is 87.65U/m L.The strongest amylase producing strain is RC1,whose amylase production capacity is 3.91U/m L.XF1 shows good deodorization and enzyme production performance.3.Molecular Biology Identification of High Temperature resistance &Deodorizing StrainBacterial 16 Sr DNA Identification results: RC1 is Brevibacillus borstelensis;RC2is Paenibacillus;X3 is Bacillus licheniformis;XF1and XF4 are both bacillus.Fungi identification results: RC1 is Penicillium polonicum;“成”is Aspergillus niger;D and RC3 are both Aspergillus fumigatus.4.Application of Compound Microbial Inoculants in Simulated Fermentation Cattle BedThe simulated fermented cattle bed experiment is carried out by combining 9strains with 5 strains obtained in the previous period of the research group in order to form 3 different compoundative agents.They are 4 groups,that is Group 1(In this experiment,9 strains of high temperature resistant and deodorizing strains are mixed in equal ratio),Group 2(5 strains with excellent enzymatic properties obtained by the the research group are mixed in equal ratio),Group 3(14 strains in Group 1 and Group 2are mixed in equal ratio),and Control Group(sterile water).experiment period is 36 d.In the fermentation process,the water content,p H value,total carbon,total nitrogen,C/N and p Hased ammonia release are tested.The results show that except the control group,the temperature of each treatment group is between 35 and 45℃ in the fermentation process,and the maximum temperature is 47℃;water content is between55% and 65%;p H value range is 7.54-8.12,that is weakly alkaline and relatively stable;Control group C/N is significantly higher than other groups(P<0.01);Group 1,Group2 and Group 3 are all significantly reduce ammonia emissions(P<0.01).In conclusion,Group 1,Group 2 and Group 3 can be used as fermentation bed strains.Group 3 has the excellent deodorization and ancillary effect.The test results are in accordance with the standard of fermentation bed.The fermentation effect and the stability of fermentation temperature are improved.The high temperature range is extended.