Comparison Of Meat Quality And Analysis Of The Expression Of Its Related Genes Between Muscovy Duck And Peking Duck

The aim of this study was to compare the differences of meat quality and the expression of meat quality related genes between white-feather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducks at different age.A total of 100 white-feather Muscovy ducks and 100 Peking duck were fed to 84 days of age,and daily feed intake was recorded.Eight birds were selected at 42 and 84 days of age,weighed and slaughtered.Breast muscle,leg muscle and liver were collected for section making,routine meat quality and flavor substance detection and related gene expression analysis.The results are as follows.1.Comparative analysis of growth performance,slaughter performance and muscle fiber characteristics between white-feather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducksThe white-feather Muscovy duck weighed 1925 g at 42 days of age and 5868 g at 84 days of age.There was no significant difference in body weight between white-feather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducks,and average daily feed intake of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age was significantly higher than that at 42 days of age.The slaughter rates of Peking duck and white-feather Muscovy duck were 90.58%-94.11% and 88.17%-89.26%,respectively.Belly fat percentage,carcass weight and foot weight of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age were significantly higher than those of other ducks(P < 0.05).The muscle fibers of meat duck leg are mainly composed of oxidized muscle fibers.The area and diameter of pectoralis muscle and leg muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducks at 42 days of age were significantly lower than those of Peking ducks at 84 days of age,respectively,and those of white-feather Muscovy ducks were significantly lower than those of Peking ducks(P < 0.05).2.Comparative analysis of routine meat quality and flavor substance content between white-feather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducksThe p H value of breast muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks was significantly higher than that of Peking ducks,but the p H value of leg muscle was opposite(P <0.05).The red value of leg muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age was significantly higher than that of Peking ducks at 42 days of age(P < 0.05).The leg muscle shear force of white-feather Muscovy duck was the highest at 84 days of age.The IMP content of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age was significantly higher than that of Peking ducks at 42 days of age and 84 days of age(P< 0.05).DM content in breast muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age was significantly higher than that of Peking ducks at 42 days of age(P < 0.05).The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids,essential fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids were the highest at 84 days of age,which were 3.622g/100 g,2.952g/100 g and4.317 g/100 g,respectively.3.Analysis of relative expression levels of candidate genes in tissues of whitefeather Muscovy ducks and Peking ducksThe expression levels of CAT,AMPD1 and LPL in liver of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 42 days of age were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks at 42 days of age,and the expression levels of FAS in liver of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age were significantly lower than those of Peking ducks at 84 days of age(P < 0.05),and the expression levels of CAT,TPI1 and FAS genes were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks at 42 days of age(P < 0.05).The expression levels of ADSL,AMPD1,FAS and LPL in pectoral muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 42 days of age were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks,and the expression levels of FAS were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks at 84 days of age(P < 0.05).The expression levels of ADSL,FAS and LPL in leg muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 42 days of age were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks at 42 days of age.The expression levels of FAS and LPL in leg muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age were significantly higher than those of Peking ducks at 84 days of age(P < 0.05).The expression levels of AMPD1 and FAS and LPL in leg muscle of white-feather Muscovy ducks at 84 days of age were significantly lower than those of Peking ducks at 42 days of age(P <0.05).In this study,the flavor substances of 84-day-old white-feather Muscovy duck were better than those of 42-day-old Peking duck,and the expression levels of CAT,TPI1 and FAS in liver tissues were higher than those of 42-day-old Peking duck.