Spatio-temporal Distribution Of Agricultural Archaeological Sites In East China Based On GIS

Chinese civilization is rooted in agricultural civilization.Throughout the centuries of its history,China has created colorful and unique relics of human agricultural activities,namely,agricultural archaeological sites,through continuous development.The current research on agricultural archaeological sites is still only at the local or micro level,lacking a systematic summary and research on the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of agricultural archaeological sites.The study of the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of agricultural archaeological sites can uncover the hidden information of human activities in the course of history,and is also of great significance for the future protection,inheritance and utilization of these important agricultural cultural resources.This paper takes the archaeological sites related to agriculture and farming as the research object,and proposes the use of kernel density analysis and standard deviation ellipse analysis based on GIS technology to study the spatial distribution characteristics of agricultural archaeological sites;and proposes a method that combines spatial statistical index analysis,Space Time Cube and spatial statistics change over time analysis to study the spatial-temporal hotspot distribution characteristics of agricultural archaeological sites.At the same time,this paper takes East China as an example and conducts a case study.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.(1)GIS-based spatial distribution characteristics of agricultural archaeological sites research method.The spatial analysis of agricultural archaeological sites based on GIS technology selects the kernel density analysis method,which can directly reflect the spatial distribution of dispersed agricultural archaeological sites within a continuous area;the spatial analysis of agricultural archaeological sites selects the standard deviation ellipse analysis method,which can reflect the spatial layout characteristics of agricultural archaeological sites.(2)G-STC-M-based spatio-temporal hotspot distribution research method of agricultural archaeological sites.Firstly,we propose to construct a spatio-temporal cube for the data of agricultural archaeological sites to show the spatio-temporal data in a three-dimensional state,reflecting the spatio-temporal characteristics of the data of agricultural archaeological sites;then we propose to combine the Getis-Ord Gi* method and the Mann-Kendall trend test method to analyze the spatio-temporal hotspots on the spatio-temporal cube of agricultural archaeological sites,and dig out the distribution characteristics of spatiotemporal hotspots of agricultural archaeological sites and the distribution characteristics and change trends of spatio-temporal hotspots of agricultural sites were uncovered.The distribution of spatio-temporal hotspots and the change trend of agricultural archaeological sites are expressed by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis methods,reflecting the change pattern of human activities in the historical period.(3)Case study results of the spatial and temporal distribution of agricultural sites.Taking the agricultural archaeological sites in East China from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty as the research object,the research results show that in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the areas with higher nuclear density values of agricultural archaeological sites are Huai’an City,Shanghai City,Suzhou City,Jiaxing City,etc.,and the center of the standard deviation ellipse is mainly concentrated in Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province and Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province.In the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,the areas with higher kernel density values were mainly in Zhenjiang City,Nanjing City,Huzhou City and Jiaxing City,etc.The rotation angle of the standard deviation ellipse changed significantly,and the migration trend from west to east was produced.The spatiotemporal hotspots of agricultural archaeological sites in the study area are mainly concentrated in Jiangsu and Anhui regions.The new hotspot areas in Jiangsu Province are mainly concentrated in Nanjing,Zhenjiang,Yangzhou and Changzhou;the new hotspot areas in Anhui Province are mainly concentrated in Chuzhou and Maanshan.