Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal On The Growth And Leaf Quality Of Major Mulberry Cultivars In Liangshan

Since mycorrhiza formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and plant roots can promote plant growth,improve disease resistance and enhance adaptability,it is often used in crop quality improvement and yield increase.Mulberry ‘Yunsang No.1’and ‘Yunsang No.2’ are two main cultivar mulberry in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Region,and are widely used in silkworm breeding industry.However,the research on improving the plant growth and leaf quality by inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has not been reported.Therefore,the mulberry cultivar ‘Yunsang No.1’ and ‘Yunsang No.2’ were studied in this experiment,through the inoculation of Glomus mosseae,Glomus intraradices and Glomus etunicatum on ‘Yunsang No.1’ and different inoculum concentration of G.mosseae on ‘Yunsang No.2’.The mycorrhizal infection rate,morphological characteristics,aboveground biomass,leaf quality and net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of plants were compared under different conditions so as to investigate the effects of different kinds of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and different inoculum fungi and different inoculum does on mulberry ‘Yunsang No.1’ and ‘Yunsang No.2’.The main results are as follows.1.Inoculation with different AMF significantly increased on the colonization rate of ‘Yunsang No.1’.During the observation of mycorrhizal development under microscope,it was found that the number of root vesicles and hyphae of plant which did not inoculate with AMF was less,while the amount of experimental group was more.The colonization rate were as follows: the G.mosseae group > the G.intraradices group > the G.etunicatum group > the control group.2.The contents of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the leaves of‘Yunsang No.1’ were not significantly affected by different AMF,but the nitrogen contents in the leaves of the plants inoculation with Glomus intraradices were significantly increased,and the potassium content in the leaves of the plants inoculation with G.etunicatum and G.mosseae were significantly reduced.The carbon content and nitrogen content in the leaves of ‘Yunsang No.2’ had no effect by inoculation with different inoculum concentration of G.mosseae,but the potassium content in the leaves was significantly increased after inoculation.In particular,the change of potassium content in the leaves inoculation with 30 g per plant reached a very significant level.The phosphorus content in the leaves was significantly reduced after inoculation with30 g per plant of G.mosseae.3.The growth of ‘Yunsang No.2’ was significantly promoted by inoculation with10 g per plant,and the plant height,the number of leaves,the number of leaves on the stem and the area of leaves were increased by 49.7%,39.74%,47.49% and 79.70%,respectively;and the dry weight of leaves was also significantly increased by 33.09%compared with the control group.The alkaloids content in the leaves of 20 g per plant and 30 g per plant were significantly increased by 60.00% and 70.11%,respectively.4.Inoculation with different AMF increased on the amino acid content in the leaves of ‘Yunsang No.1’,and the content of valine,isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine,histidine and arginine in the leaves of the experimental group inoculated with G.mosseae were significantly increased than those of the control group,increased by6.39%,6.09%,7.43%,10.20%,17.64% and 9.41%,respectively.Compared with the control group,the cystine content in the leaves of the treatment group G.intraradices was significantly increased by 40%.The leaf quality of ‘Yunsang No.2’ was improved after inoculation with different amount of G.mosseae,especially,the leaf quality was significantly improved after inoculation with 10 g G.mosseae per plant,and the amino acid content of the leaves changed significantly.Respectively,the contents of the amino acids,including aspartic acid,threonine,glutamate,glycine,alanine,valine,isoleucine,leucine,tyrosine,phenylalanine,lysine,histidine,arginine and proline,were increased significantly by 8.43%,8.25%,6.21%,9.16%,6.83%,8.90%,7.96%,8.82%,12.14%,12.45%,8.37%,9.78%,7.56% and 8.88%,thereinto,valine,isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine,lysine,histidine and arginine are essential amino acids.These results indicated that inoculation of different AMF could significantly improve the colonization rate of mulberry ‘Yunsang No.1’.In addition,through the analysis of plant morphology,aboveground biomass and leaf quality after inoculation,it was found that inoculation with G.mosseae could improve the leaf quality of ‘Yunsang No.1’.the morphological growth,biomass accumulation and leaf quality of ‘Yunsang No.2’ were improved after inoculation with 10 g G.mosseae per plant.These results can provide some theoretical reference for leaf quality improvement of mulberry ‘Yunsang No.1’ and ‘Yunsang No.2’.