Effectts Of Single Application Of Controlled Release Fertilizer On Growth And Quality Of Tomato

Industrial revitalization is the primary task of rural revitalization.Mountain vegetables,as an important part of industrial revitalization in Enshi Prefecture,help local farmers quickly achieve the goal of increasing production,efficiency and income.Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum M)is an important crop of alpine vegetables.Due to its large amount of fertilizer,long picking period and multiple topdressing times,it has high cost of fertilization and labor difficulty,which seriously limits the scale of tomato.In order to realize the light simplified production of tomato and ensure the yield and quality of tomato,this study using field test method,through conventional fertilization,controlled release fertilizer,controlled release fertilizer 1 and controlled release fertilizer 2processing research quality of controlled release fertilizer one-off fertilization on tomato yield and soil nutrient availability,microbial diversity and the effect of fertilization techniques for high yield and good quality tomatoes light simplified production to provide technical support.The main results obtained are as follows:1.One-time application of controlled release fertilizer can effectively improve tomato yield and economic benefit.Compared with conventional fertilization,the yield of tomato under controlled-release fertilizer 1 treatment reached 97 t/hm~2,increased by 11 t/hm~2,output value increased by 33000 yuan/hm~2,cost saving and efficiency increased by 37000yuan/hm~2.Compared with conventional fertilization,tomato yield under controlled release fertilizer 2 treatment reached 111 t/hm~2,yield increased by 25.17 t/hm~2,output value increased by 76000 yuan/hm~2,cost saving and efficiency increased by 77000 yuan/hm~2.Compared with controlled-release fertilizer 1,the output value and net income of controlled-release fertilizer 2 and controlled-release fertilizer 1 increased by 42000 yuan/hm2 and 41000 yuan/hm~2,respectively.The production-input ratio of controlled-release fertilizer 2 and controlled-release fertilizer 1 was 23.3:1.Compared with controlled release fertilizer 1,controlled release fertilizer 2 increased crop yield and benefit significantly.2.Single application of controlled release fertilizer can effectively improve tomato quality.The tomato quality index of controlled release fertilizer 2 was better than that of controlled release fertilizer 1.Compared with conventional fertilization,soluble solids,soluble sugar,organic acid and vitamin C in tomato fruit treated with controlled release fertilizer 1 increased by 7.7%,12.3%,37.4%and 31.2%respectively.Compared with conventional fertilization,soluble solids,soluble sugar,organic acid and vitamin C in tomato fruit treated with controlled release fertilizer 2 increased by 2.18%,17.2%,59.7%and 38.3%respectively.3.One-time application of controlled release fertilizer can effectively regulate tomato plant growth and improve nutrient utilization efficiency.Compared with conventional fertilization,controlled release fertilizer 1 could significantly promote plant height growth,increase stem diameter and lodging resistance of tomato plants,and controlled release fertilizer 2 could further regulate plant height and growth.Compared with conventional fertilization,SPAD value and partial productivity were increased by 14.1%,14.0%and fruit nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were increased by 18.9%,18.5%and 25.4%,respectively.Compared with conventional fertilization,SPAD value increased by 23.0%,partial productivity increased by 20.3%,and fruit nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium increased by 26.8%,38.3%and 39.4%,respectively.Controlled release fertilizer 2 could promote plant growth and nutrient utilization more effectively than controlled release fertilizer 1.4.Single application of controlled release fertilizer can effectively improve soil nutrient availability and regulate soil microbial community.Specifically,compared with conventional fertilization,controlled-release fertilizer 1 treatment increased soil p H from5.18 to 5.68,available P increased by 9.2%,alkali-hydrolyzed N decreased by 8.1%,and available K decreased by 19.2%.Compared with conventional fertilization,controlled-release fertilizer 2 treatment increased soil p H from 5.18 to 5.73,available P increased by 8.3%,and alkali-hydrolyzed N decreased by 5.0%.Available potassium decreased by 19.0%.At the tomato ripening stage,compared with conventional fertilization,the relative abundance of Xanthomonas was significantly increased by99.69%and SC-I-84 was significantly decreased by 89.53%in controlled release fertilizer1 treatment.Compared with conventional fertilization,the relative abundance of Xanthomonas was significantly increased by 99.15%and the relative abundance of WD2101＿soil＿group was significantly decreased by 92.56%under controlled release fertilizer 2.In conclusion,the one-time application of controlled release fertilizer can effectively improve the availability of soil nutrients,regulate the soil microbial structure,regulate the growth of tomato plants above ground,thus promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrients in tomato plants,achieving high yield,high quality and high efficiency,and has important practical value in the realization of light and simplified production.