| Tomato is one of the main cultivated crops,and it has a great demand for nutrient.In order to obtain the high yield,we applied fertilizer frequently during its growing time.At the same time,it is highly required for the nutrient management and irrigation equipment,there is a lot of human and material resources input.There is a new type of fertilizer?CRF?.its nutrient releasing is in control,once used,can apply the nutrient demand of crop the whole growing stage.Later,only the water will be used in the growth period,which can achieve a simple management of fertilizer.At present,the research of control released fertilizer's utilize is mainly focus on the field crops,there is a lot of report about the single type of fertilizer,but the study of combination application of fertilizer is few.For the purpose,we use the no fertilizer?CK?and target yield fertilizer application?CKT?as control,based on the nutrient absorption law of tomato,designed four formula treatment?A?B?C?D?by adding different level fertilizer in substrate.The effects of different controlled-release fertilizers on the growth of tomato plant were studied in order to define the best controlled released fertilizer usage and its application effect of bag-cultivated tomato in solar greenhouse,and to provide the theory and technical guidance for the precision and simplicity management of tomato in solar greenhouse.The results of the study are as follows:1.The release amount presents of controlled-release urea used in the test was"Parabolic"type,under 25?static water.And the release process is rapid at beginning and then tends to be smooth?The release amount of the controlled-release potassium chloride is“S”type,under the condition of 25?water.And the release speed of the whole period is fast,then smooth,then rapid.During the early period of tomato growth,there was more demand for nitrogen,but in the later day there was more demand for potassium.And the nutrient supply of controlled release fertilizers was consistent with that of tomato demand during the growth period.2.With the increasing of the dosage of controlled released fertilizer,the plant height,stem diameter,biomass and net photosynthetic rate of the treated tomato were increased,among which,the formula C was the best applied effect.After colonization75 days,the formula C plant height was 174.67 cm,compared with CK,the plant height was increased by 21.75%,compared with CKT.The plant height was increased by 17.13%,the stem was 0.893 cm,and CK was increased by 59.46%.And the biomass was 2132.07 g,which was increased by 106.11%compared with CK,compared with the CKT,it increased by 28.52%.45days after the fixed value,the net photosynthetic rate of formula D was the largest,followed by formula C,the net photosynthetic rate was 18.05 umol·m-2·s-1,compared with CK,it was increased by 40.47%,and17.99%compared with CKT.3.With the increasing of the dosage of controlled release fertilizers,the tomato yield of each treatment was increased first and then decreased.The yield of tomato and the amount of controlled release fertilizer showed two times curve correlation.The output of the processing C was highest,for 104.75 t·hm-2,compared with CK,it increased by 226.32%;compared with CKT,it increased by 24.47%.More fertilizer supply don't give the more yield.4.The physical and chemical properties of the substrate with controlled release fertilizers are stable,and the nutrient residue is less than the conventional fertilization and the nutrient utilization is high.The nitrogen utilization rate of controlled release fertilizer treatment A and B was higher than that of CKT,and the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer was higher than CKT in the treatment of A,B and C.The utilization rate and physiological utilization ratio of fertilizer for the treatment of A,B,C and D by controlled release fertilizer were higher than CKT.5.Temperature has a significant effect on the application effect of controlled release fertilizers.When the formula C is applied to crop cultivation in autumn and winter,the effect is poor. |
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