Study On Technical Of Perpetual Strawberry Fruit Quality In Middle And High Altitude Mountainous Areas Of Fujian

China is the largest strawberry consumer in the world In 2020,the global strawberry consumption is 886.14 million tons,China accounts for38%of the global strawberry consumption.However,the strawberry market in China is basically blank in summer and autumn.Perpetual strawberries can achieve four-season results in warm and cool areas,and are now mainly planted in Yunnan,Hebei and other places.The research group first introduced perpetual strawberries in the middle and high altitude mountainous areas of Fujian in 2019,but the sweetness was poor.In order to fill the market gap and optimize the fruit structure,this study continued to introduce perpetual strawberries in summer and autumn,and planted perpetual strawberries and winter strawberries in autumn and winter to compare,to screen out the varieties suitable for annual cultivation in the middle and high altitude mountainous areas of Fujian.In addition,by reducing the application of chemical fertilizers and increasing the application of EM bacterial fertilizer and plant growth regulator DA-6,regulate the fruit quality and yield of perpetual strawberries.It can provide an important reference for the cultivation technology of perpetual strawberries.The main findings are as follows:1.The comparison of strawberry introduction in summer and autumn in middle and high altitude mountains in FujianTaking Monterey,San andreas,Portola and Albion as the test materials,observed the biological characters,fruit quality and yield,then principal component analysis evaluated the four cultivars.The result shows,the survival rates of the four varieties were all above 95%,of which Monterey was significantly higher than other cultivars,reaching97.70%;the plants of Monterey and San Andreas had strong adaptability;Portola has strong flower bud differentiation ability,and its yield is significantly higher than other varieties,the yield per 667m~2is 1516.56kg;there is no significant difference in the hardness of strawberries among the four varieties,all of which are above 1.1 kg/cm~2;The TSS of Monterey was 6.93%,and the sugar-acid ratio was 5.30,which were significantly higher than other varieties,the sugar-acid ratio of Portola was significantly lower than other varieties,which was 3.86.Principal component analysis found that the comprehensive score of Monterey was the first.To sum up,Monterey has a good overall performance,but the sweetness is poor.2.Comparison of perpetual strawberry and winter strawberry in autumn and winter in middle and high altitude mountains in FujianThe perpetual strawberries Monterey,San Andreas and the winter strawberries Sweet Charlie,Snow White,Miaoxiang 7 and Hong Yan were used as test materials,to observe their biological characters,fruit quality and yield.The results showed that the survival rate of Monterey,San Andreas and Sweet Charlie were over 97%,which was significantly higher than that of other winter strawberries,and the survival rate of Snow White was the lowest,only 84.5%;the plants of Monterey,San Andreas and Sweet Charlie have good growth,strong resistance and high yield,its average yield per 667 m~2is 1027 kg,while the average yield per667m~2of other winter strawberries is only 635 kg;the average hardness of the perpetual strawberry is 1.20 kg/cm~2,the average hardness of the winter strawberry is 0.78 kg/cm~2,which is significantly lower than that of the perpetual strawberry;the TSS of Monterey and San Andreas were6.19%and 5.86%respectively,significantly lower than winter strawberries,Snow White and Hong Yan had the highest TSS,were respectively 10.02%and 9.48%.To sum up,Monterey is suitable to grow in the middle and high altitude mountainous areas of Fujian,but the sweetness is poor.3.Effects of reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing application of EM bacterial fertilizer on fruit quality and yield of MontereyUsing Monterey as the test material,to study the effect of reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing application of EM bacterial fertilizer(no fertilization,regular fertilization,regular fertilization and bacterial fertilizer,regular fertilization reduction by 25%and EM bacterial fertilizer,regular fertilization reduction by 50%and EM bacterial fertilizer)on fruit.Principal component analysis screened optimal fertilization treatment.The results showed that compared with no fertilization,other treatments had significant effects on plant growth,yield and fruit quality.Among them,the total root surface area and root coefficient of plants with regular fertilization reduction by 25%and EM bacterial fertilizer treament were 1.31 times and 1.54 times that of the regular fertilization,which were significantly higher than other treatments;the TSS was highest,was 8.89%,which was about 45%higher than that of regular fertilization,soluble sugar was about 36%higher,and titratable acid was about 19%lower.PCA found that the treatment with 25%reduction in regular fertilization and EM bacterial fertilizer scored first.In conclusion,the treatment effect of reducing 25%chemical fertilizer and EM bacterial fertilizer was the best.4.The effect of DA-6 on the fruit quality and yield of MontereyUsing Monterey as the test material,to study the effects of different concentrations of DA-6(10,20,40 mg/L)on fruit quality and yield,and principal component analysis screened the optimal concentration.The results showed that different concentrations of DA-6 significantly improved fruit quality and yield.Among them,compared with the control,by the treatment of 20 mg/L DA-6,the content of chlorophyll a increased38%,the content of chlorophyll b increased 27%;yield improved about30%and TSS was 8.70%,which was significantly higher than other treatments.PCA found that the 20 mg/L DA-6 treatment had the first overall score.In conclusion,20 mg/L DA-6 was the best treatment.5.Preliminary study on the effect of reducing chemical fertilizer application and increasing application of EM bacterial fertilizer and DA-6 comprehensive treatment on fruit quality and yield of MontereyUsing Monterey as the test material,study plant growth,quality and yield with different treatments(regular fertilization,20 mg/L DA-6+regular fertilization,EM bacterial fertilizer+regular fertilization reduced by 25%,EM bacterial fertilizer+20 mg/L DA-6+regular fertilization reduced by 25%),and PCA screened the optimal fertilization treatment.The results showed that compared with only applying regular fertilization,other treatments enhanced plant growth,improved fruit quality and yield,among them,the treatment of EM bacterial fertilizer+20 mg/L DA-6+regular fertilization reduced by 25%was the best,and compared with the control,its TSS increased by 45%,soluble sugar increased about 24%,and yield increased about 27%.PCA found that the comprehensive score of EM bacterial fertilizer+20 mg/L DA-6+regular fertilization reduced by 25%.In conclusion,the treatment of EM bacterial fertilizer+20 mg/L DA-6+regular fertilization reduced by 25%was the optimal formula.