The Study On Introduction Of Strawberry In High Altitude Area Of Songpan In Sichuan Province

As an important strawberry producing area in China,Sichuan currently mainly produces short-day sunshine strawberry cultivars in low-altitude areas.But there are some problems,such as decreasing of excellent species,fruit ripening is short-term and concentrated,and the integrated quality is not good.These matters have severely restricted the sustainable and healthy development of the strawberry industry in Sichuan.The experiment introduced 4 day-neutral strawberry cultivars in Songpan County(Sichuan Province,Aba Prefecture),these cultivars including Fragaria ananassa Duch Cv.’Albion’,Fragaria ananassa Duch Cv.’Monterey’,Fragaria ananassa Duch Cv.’San Andreas’and Fragaria ananassa Duch Cv.’Portola’.After to research the cultivation introduction screening and breeding characteristics of different cultivars in high altitude areas,including phenological period,plant growth,fruit trait,quality and unit yield etcetera,explored suitable cultivars and breeding technical systems in high-altitude summer cold climate.The results are as follows.1.The geographical and climatic conditions of Songpan region are suitable for the growth of day-neutral strawberries,which can be successfully introduced and bred.The yield of cultivation in alpine and dry areas can reach 35602.8kg/hm~2,which can be used as a local economic crop.2.There are different suitable cultivars in different areas in Songpan:4 day-neutral strawberry cultivars are suitable for cultivation in alpine and dry areas;suitable varieties cultivated in alpine and moist areas are’San Andreas’and’Portola’,but in alpine and moist areas,the total soluble solids of’Albion’and’Monterey’are significantly higher than the corresponding varieties in alpine and dry areas;suitable for cultivation warm and moist areas is’Monterey’,’San Andreas’and’Portola’.3.’Monterey’has the best overall performance in 3 areas of different climatic characteristics.The plant grows strong,the leaf area can reach 16.68×15.76mm;the fruit trait is excellent,the total soluble solid content reaches 10.5%;the fruit is listed early,generally from June 3 to June 15,and the harvesting period Long,duration is 77~158d;has a good seedling quality,breeding coefficient is high,and stress resistance is strong.4.’Albion’has better performance in alpine and dry areas or warm and moist areas,the fruit has good performance,the fruit has good traits,and the total soluble solid content reaches10.8%.The plant grows stronger and has stronger resistance.The phenological period warm and moist areas is the best among the four neutral varieties.The fruit can be harvested and marketed on May 30,and the harvesting period lasts for 78 days.5.’San Andreas’comprehensive performance at three altitudes is relatively balanced,with strong plant growth and good fruit traits.The average single fruit weight is about 33.35g,and the largest single fruit weight is 65.86g.The seedling quality is good and the reproductive coefficient is high.in alpine and dry or moist areas.The unit yield is the highest among the four medium-to-medium varieties,and the fruit harvesting period in alpine and dry areas is163d;the fruit listing time at three altitudes is the latest;normal resistance.6.’Portola’,its roots and stems are the thickest of the four medium-to-medium varieties.The plants grow strong,the fruits are large,and the resistance is strong,especially in the case of natural disasters,maintaining a high survival rate;in 3 areas the fruit market time is the earliest;the harvesting period is shorter,the duration is 72~145d;the total soluble solid of the fruit is 7.7%~8.4%,which is the lowest of the 4 day-neutral cultivars.7.In terms of breeding characteristics,the rhizome thickness and fresh weight of the seedlings of day-neutral strawberry cultivars were significantly larger than those of short-day cultivars,while the reproductive coefficient and the number of seedlings of short-day cultivars were significantly higher than those of day-neutral strawberry cultivars.Both day-neutral strawberry cultivars and short-day cultivars are suitable for breeding warm and moist areas.Some day-neutral strawberry cultivars are also suitable for breeding in alpine and moist areas.For the breeding of strawberries.the too high altitude will have a negative impact on strawberry breeding.