Effects Of Different Cultivation Modes On Yield And Quality Of Tomato In Yellow Sand Substrate

Tomato is one of the most common and the most extensive planted fruits and vegetables in China’s facility agriculture.Huangsha is a soilless cultivation substrate,which has the advantages of low cost,recycling,promoting plant growth and improving yield and quality.In this experiment,tomato varieties like1867 and 8994 were used for the random area group design test of planting mode,density and varieties.On the one hand,the influence of different planting modes and density on tomato growth and development,fruit yield quality and economic benefits were explored;on the other hand,the performance of different tomato varieties under the same mode and density was studied.To select the most suitable combination sand matrix tomato cultivation,to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the production and promotion of this technology.The main results of the experimental study are as follows:1.The effect of different planting modes and the same density on the growth,development,yield and quality of Huangsha matrix tomatoThe yield and quality of the two varieties reached a high level under the conditions of substrate bag and substrate trough cultivation.Considering the comprehensive benefits,the substrate trough cultivation mode can maximize the economic benefits on the premise of ensuring the yield and quality of Huangsha substrate tomato.’1867’and’8994’yielded between 119.8～186.2t/hm~2in both cultivation modes,both reaching the greenhouse tomato yield and the highest in the matrix trough mode,128.5t/hm~2and186.2t/hm~2,respectively.In terms of quality,both varieties of fruits are in the medium and high level,with the highest lycopene content under the substrate trough cultivation conditions of 9.1 and 5.5mg/100g,respectively,which was significantly improved compared with the substrate bag cultivation.The fuzzy function is the highest comprehensive quality of DZ-1867.TZ-8994 has the highest economic benefit.2.The influence of different density and the same planting mode on the growth and development,yield and quality of Huangsha matrix tomatoUnder the same planting mode,different cultivation densities had a significant effect on the tomato yield and the average single fruit quality.With the increasing density,the plant height and the leaf number increased,and the stem thickness tended to decrease.’1867’and’8994’The output of all reached the maximum at high density conditions,respectively 140.1 and 180.5t/hm~2;The single fruit weight of both species reached the low density condition,respectively161.3 and 196.9g,both reached the high yield and large fruit standards.Different density treatment has a certain impact on the quality of Huangsha matrix tomato,soluble solids,lycopene and Vc with the increase of density,Vc content of both varieties is greatly affected by density,the maximum at low density level,17.9 and 15.2mg/100g respectively,and the nutritional value indicators of 1867 are higher than 8994.Combined with the comprehensive analysis of economic benefits,we concluded that:high density:60,600 plants/hm~2,variety:8994,planting mode:substrate bag cultivation,yield reached180.5t/hm~2.It is more suitable for yellow sand matrix tomato,which is suitable for production and cultivation.3.Study on the growth,development,yield and quality among different tomato varieties under the same planting mode and densityAmong the 12 investigated was OLF-808,while the others grew well.Single fruit weight reached large fruit levels except SF-1314,and the maximum single fruit weight was the 159.8g of SJQ-1312.In terms of yield,SF-1314 is the lowest,with 96.85t/hm~2,The highest yield varieties were 531 and DS-1601,reaching 147.86 and 147.04t/hm~2.Quality parameter analysis LNR-1121 performed poorly comprehensively,with lycopene at 5.8mg/100g,Vc in 14.3mg/100g,and other varieties.Through the comprehensive consideration of tomato growth characteristics,yield,quality and economic benefits and the comprehensive analysis of membership function,the best suitable tomato varieties in this experiment were531 and DS-1601,yielding up to 147.86 and 147.04t/hm~2,And SF-1314 and OLF-808 showed poor growth,yield and quality performance,which are not suitable for this mode of planting.4.Study on the economic benefits of yellow sand substrate tomatoAs the tomato variety with the highest economic benefit,NS-8944 has the lowest input cost and the largest comprehensive economic benefit,which is significantly higher than that of substrate bag cultivation.Under the medium density substrate tank cultivation mode,the economic benefit is as high as 512450 yuan per hectare.In the matrix bag model density test,8994 produced the maximum economic benefit under the condition of high density,which was 4202900 yuan per hectare.In the variety test,531 and DS-1601 not only accord with the characteristics of saving water and fertilizer,but also have the highest economic value,while SF-1314 has poor performance.The economic benefits of 12 cultivated varieties do not exceed NS-8994.