| In this experiment,the effects of different doses of Sophora alopecuroides L.added to high-precision diet on the expression of tissue morphology,tight junction protein,epithelial inflammatory factors and NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway in sheep gastrointestinal tract were studied,in order to provide scientific basis for Sophora alopecuroides L.as a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and new ideas for regulating the physiological function of gastrointestinal epithelial barrier in ruminants.In this experiment,a single factor completely random design was adopted,which was divided into four groups according to the different content of Sophora alopecuroides.which were divided into control group,T1 group,T2 group and T3 group respectively.The pre-feeding period of the experiment was 15 days and the formal period was 60 days.The experiment yielded the following results:(1)Histomorphology showed that compared with the control group,the length of the rumen papilla in the experiment groups were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the thickness of the rumen myometrium in the experiment groups were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly increased the ratio of duodenal villus length to crypt depth(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the crypt depth(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased the length of jejunal villi(P<0.05),and the ratio of the villus length to the crypt depth in the T1 group was significantly higher than that in the control and T3 groups(P<0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly increased the m RNA and protein expression levels of occludin and claudin-1 in the rumen epithelium(P<0.05),and the rumen epithelial zo-1 m RNA expression level(P<0.05),while that in the T3 group decreased.the expression level of zo-1 gene and protein.Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly increased the m RNA and protein expression levels of zo-1,occludin,claudin-1 in duodenal epithelium(P < 0.05),and the m RNA and protein expression levels of jejunal zo-1(P<0.05),the expression level of claudin-1 m RNA in the jejunum epithelium(P<0.05),the m RNA and protein expression levels of occludin in the ileum epithelium(P<0.05);The T2 group significantly increased the expression level of occludin m RNA in the duodenum and ileum epithelium(P<0.05),significantly increased the protein expression levels of zo-1 and claudin-1 in the duodenal epithelium;T3 group significantly increased the expression levels of occludin m RNA and claudin-1 protein in duodenal epithelium(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly decreased the m RNA expression levels of IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α in the rumen(P<0.05),and the content of IFN-γ(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the expression level of IFN-γ and TNF-αm RNA in T2 group.The expression of IL-10 m RNA was significantly increased in T1 and T2 groups,and the content of IL-10 was significantly increased in T1 group.Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly decreased the m RNA expression levels of IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α in the duodenum(P<0.05),and the m RNA expressions of IL-6 and IL-1β in the jejunum and ileum(P < 0.05),TNF-α m RNA expression level in jejunum(P<0.05),content of IL-1β and TNF-α in duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05),content of IL-1β and IL-6 in ileum(P<0.05),significantly increased the expression levels of IL-10 m RNA in duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05).The T2 group significantly decreased the expression levels of IL-6 m RNA in the duodenum(P<0.05),the m RNA expression levels of IL-1β in the jejunum(P<0.05),The expression level of IL-6 m RNA in ileum(P<0.05),and the contents of IFN-γ and IL-6 in the duodenum(P<0.05),significantly decreased the content of IFN-γ in the jejunum(P<0.05),and significantly increased the expression levels of IL-10 m RNA in the duodenum,jejunum and ileum(P<0.05).T3 group significantly decreased the expression level of IL-1β RNA in sheep jejunum(P<0.05),significantly decreased the content of IL-6 and IL-10 in the jejunum(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the content of IL-1β in the ileum(P<0.05).significantly increased the expression level of IL-10 m RNA in the duodenum(P<0.05).(4)Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of p65 and IκB-α protein in the rumen and duodenal epithelium(P<0.05),and the T1 group had a duodenal epithelium phosphorylation of IκB-α protein.The level was significantly lower than that in the T3 group(P<0.05);The phosphorylation level of p65 protein in the jejunal epithelium of the T1 group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and significantly lower than that of the T3 group(P<0.05);The phosphorylation level of the jejunal epithelial IκB-α protein in the T2 group Significantly lower than T3 group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the T1 group significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 MAPK protein in the rumen,duodenum and jejunum epithelium(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK protein in the ileal epithelium.T2 group significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK protein in rumen epithelium(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the phosphorylation level of JNK,p38 MAPK,and ERK protein in duodenal epithelium(P<0.05). |
