The Population Dynamics And Risk Assessment Of Vegetation,Insects And Birds In Liupanshan Airport, Guyuan, Ningxia

Ningxia Guyuan Liupanshan Airport is one of the few high altitude airports in China.The complex environment around the airport poses a threat to the flight safety of the airport.In order to reduce the risk of birds entering the airport and reduce the risk of bird strikes,from January 2022 to January 2023,the birds,insects and plant groups of Liupanshan Airport in Guyuan,Ningxia were investigated,and the composition and relationship of factors threatening flight safety were analyzed from different perspectives.and the risk assessment of birds was carried out to determine the risk level of airport birds,update the airport bird data,and provide reference for airport bird strike prevention.The results are as follows:(1)Bird survey results:10982 birds of 104 species,42 families,17 orders were recorded.There were 53 species of 28 families in the airport and 90 species of 40 families outside the airport.A total of 65 species of breeding birds and 39 species of non-breeding birds were recorded,accounting for 62%and 38%of the total number of species surveyed.There are 11 species of national secondary key protected wild animals.The analysis of bird community diversity in different habitats showed that the grassland diversity index was the highest(2.835),the water area bird richness index was the highest(8.214),the woodland bird evenness index was the highest(0.769),and the residential area bird dominance was the highest(0.280).The analysis of bird community diversity in different seasons showed that the bird diversity index(3.063)and richness index(9.702)were the highest in spring,the evenness index(0.704)was the highest in summer,and the dominance index(0.233)was the highest in winter.(2)Insect survey results:A total of 3667 insect specimens of 104 species,47 families and 8 orders were collected.Coleoptera,Diptera and Hymenoptera were the dominant orders,accounting for 65.15%,16.14%and 12.05%of the total number of insect individuals,respectively.There were two dominant species of insects,Bolbotrypes davidis and Maladera verticalis,and 11 common species.The insect diversity index,richness index and evenness index were the highest in June,and the dominance index was the highest in July.The evenness index and diversity index were the lowest in July,the richness index was the lowest in August,and the dominance index was the lowest in June.(3)Results of plant survey:73 species of plants belonging to 23 families and 12 orders were recorded.Compositae,Gramineae and Leguminosae were the main groups.There were 4 dominant species,including Stipa bungeana,Medicago sativa,Leymus secalinus and Taraxacum mongolicum.The diversity,richness and evenness of plant communities in the south of the flight area were the highest,the species were abundant,the interspecific distribution was uniform,and the dominance was the lowest.(4)The influence of birds,insects and vegetation:From the perspective of different months,there were few vegetation species,low coverage,low insect species and number,and few bird species and individuals in early May.In June,the vegetation richness increased the insect richness increased,and the number of birds increased.The number of insects reached the maximum in July,and the number of birds decreased.In August,the vegetation richness was the highest,the number of insects decreased,and the number of birds increased,which may be related to lawn mowing.(5)Risk assessment results:According to the risk value(R),birds were divided into different risk levels.There were 7 species of birds above high risk in the flight area,including songbirds,land birds and raptors,mainly resident birds.There were also different dangerous bird species in different seasons.There were 5 species of high risk and above in spring,mainly wading birds and songbirds.There were 5 species of birds with high risk and above in summer,mainly land birds and swimming birds.There were 11 species of birds with high risk and above in autumn,mainly songbirds and raptors.There are 3 species of birds with high risk and above in winter,mainly swimming birds.Most of the dangerous species of migratory birds,wading birds and songbirds are residents and summer migratory birds,a few are travelers and summer migratory birds,and terrestrial birds are residents throughout the year.