Bird Damage Investigation Of Fruit Planting And Fishery And The Suggestions For The Control Methods

The agricultural harmful birds refers to birds who peck at the corn seeds, fruits, petals bud, fish, etc, and cause economic losses for agricultural production. Harmful birds should have two characteristics:on one hand, because of its predatory or other reasons, the birds can cause large economic losses for agricultural production; on the other hand, its quantity is so large that it is difficult to control. At present, as the birds protection consciousness enhancing, the number of some birds increased rapidly, and bird damage for agricultural production is also increasing. Harmful birds are one of the most important problems in agricultural production. They have caused massive losses in agricultural production both at home and abroad, so, the study of more effective bird control management is imperative. The ultimate objective of harmful birds control is to minimize the loss of agricultural production. This made it necessary to analyze and summarize the predation characteristics and mobile rule of common harmful birds, which is targeted to choose the sound control measures. This study selected the representative cherry orchards, vineyards, fish ponds in Beijing, a plum orchard and a pear orchard in Kunming of Yunnan province. And then made investigation on the harmful birds operatic types, activity rules and harm characteristics. We also put forward some suggestions on how to improve the control methods according to different characteristics of the hazard. Specific research results are as follows:1. Harmful birds in the cherry orchards and vineyards of Beijing area are mainly common resident birds such as the sparrow (Passer montanus), the magpie (Pica Pica) and the Azure-winged Magpie (Cyanopica cyanus). The species and quantity of harmful birds are different according to orchard type, geographical location, etc. The factors of suffer degree are orchard circumjacent environment, season, variety, cultivation manners, etc. The control methods used now in cherry orchards can not achieve good and obvious effects, so the control methods need to be improved. The use of intelligent bird-control device is one of the ways worthy to be popularized. Setting up anti-bird net can play clearly effective action and the long term cost is far less than the victim cost.2. Harmful birds in the plum orchard and pear orchard in Kunming of Yunnan province are Yellow-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus xanthorrhous),Sooty-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster) Red-vented Bulbul (Passermontanus), Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Pycnonotus cafer),etc. Species of harmful birds are different according to different orchards and different years. The factors of suffer degree of fruit trees:orchard circumjacent environment, season, fruit varieties, etc. There are no ideally effective control methods at present, and the use of improved damage control device is one of the feasible methods.3. The harmful birds of fishery breeding in Beijing are mainly Little Egret (Egretta),Grey heron (Ardea cinerea), Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax),etc. Because of their bright color and often perched on the surface of water, ornamental fish are easy to be found by harmful birds, and so ornamental fish are more vulnerable than edible fish. Edible fish are mainly suffered during breeding period. Setting up anti-bird net is one of the effective and low-cost methods in fishery breeding.4. Activity and characteristics of different harmful birds are summarized in the paper. The harmful birds are mainly local resident and they are more active at dawn and dusk, and they can quickly used to the birds-driving devices. Generally these birds cause damage to fruits or crops during all the maturation phase.