| This paper aims to explore the effects of different music on the athletic performance,heart rate variability(HRV)and neurotransmitter levels of Yili horses,and to provide a theoretical reference for the application of music to the regulation of the pre-race state of Yili horses.In the experiment,20 Yili horses aged 3-5 with similar body structure and competition performance were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups.The control group did not play music,and the light music group,the folk music group and the rock music group played the corresponding tracks for 1 hour before the 800 m speed race every day.At the 0 d,7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d of the experiment,the pre-race HRV data,blood and 800 m competition time were collected to analyze the changes of Yili horse’s motor performance,HRV and neurotransmitter levels in different time periods under different music.The research results were as follows:Sports performance analysis results showed: The competition time of rock music group was significantly lower than that of control group and light music group(P<0.01),significantly lower than that of folk music group(P<0.05);The competition time of folk music group was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The competition time showed a downward trend with time(P>0.05).HRV analysis results showed: Time domain indicators,SDNN and RMSSD in the light music group were significantly lower than those in the rock music group(P<0.01)and significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).SDNN and RMSSD on the 28 th day were significantly higher than those on the 0 th day(P<0.01).For frequency domain indicators,VLF and HF in rock music group were significantly higher than those in light music group(P<0.01).LF was extremely significantly higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.01).VLF and HF were significantly higher than those in folk music group(P<0.05).The VLF,LF,and HF in the light music group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).VLF on the 7 th day was significantly higher than that on the 0 th day(P<0.05).Non-linear indicators,SD1 and SD2 of rock music group were significantly higher than those of light music group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than that of folk music group(P<0.05).SD2 on the 7 th day was significantly higher than that on the 0 th day(P<0.01).SD1 on the 7 th day was significantly higher than that on the 0 th day(P<0.05).Neurotransmitter analysis results showed: Monoamines,A in each music group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).NE in folk music group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).5-HT was significantly higher than that of 14 d,21 d and 28 d(P<0.01).DA was significantly higher than that of 0 d(P<0.01).NE and A were significantly higher than that of 7d and 14 d(P<0.01).Among amino acids,GABA in each music group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).Glu was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).GABA and Gly were significantly higher on 14 d than on 0 d(P<0.01).Glu was significantly higher on 0 d and7 d than on 14 d,21 d and 28 d(P<0.01).L-AA was significantly higher on 28 d than on 0 d,7 d and 14d(P<0.01).In other categories,COR in each music group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).COR was significantly higher at 0 d than 7 d and 14 d(P<0.01).Ach was significantly higher at 14 d and 21 d than 0 d(P<0.01).β-EP and SP were significantly higher at 21 d and 28 d than at0 d(P<0.01).The results of correlation analysis of the three showed: SD1 was significantly negatively correlated with competition time(P<0.05).Mean RR was negatively correlated with serum Glu(P<0.01),and positively correlated with serum DA and SP(P<0.05).Mean HR was positively correlated with serum Glu(P<0.01).SDNN and RMSSD were positively correlated with serum L-AA(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between HF and serum GABA(P<0.05).SD1 was positively correlated with serum 5-HT(P<0.05)and negatively correlated with serum SP(P<0.05).SD2 was positively correlated with serum 5-HT(P<0.01)and serum Glu(P<0.05).Conclusion: Under the conditions of this experiment,the parasympathetic nerves of the horses in the light music group and the folk music group are dominat before the competition,and the sympathetic nerves of the horses in the rock music group are dominat before the competition.All three groups of music can increase the contents of DA and GABA in Yili horses’ serum,reduce the contents of 5-HT,NE,A,Glu and COR,relieve horses’ emotions,improve blood circulation and effectively regulate horses’ pre-race state,among them,the balance of sympathetic parasympathetic nervous system of horses in rock music group is relatively good,the effect of improving the performance of 800 m speed race is relatively the best,and the change of HRV is synchronized with the change of neurotransmitters,which has certain application value and feasibility in the pre-race state monitoring of Yili horses. |
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