| As one of the major crops grown in Xinjiang,the high-quality development of cotton industry is related to the economy and people’s living standard in Xinjiang.At present,the ground cover precision hole sowing technology is used in cotton production in Xinjiang.When the hole sower rolls on the ground for operation,it is easy to have empty holes due to the rotation and forward vibration of the hole sower itself and poor operating conditions,which result in poor seed extraction and seed discharge.Moreover,as the interior of the hole sower is completely closed,it is difficult to find empty holes in time,thus causing large empty holes in cotton fields and reducing the economic income of cotton farmers.To address the current problems in the operation of cotton precision seeders,this paper will design a cotton precision hole sower monitoring system on the tine disc type cotton precision hole sower commonly used in the Xinjiang region.The system uses laser alignment type sensors and Hall sensors as information monitoring elements,and uses an STM32 microcontroller to realize the calculation of the number of qualified holes and the empty hole rate.The calculated results are displayed in the human-machine interface and transmitted to the telematics system via SIM900 A communication module.The main research contents and conclusions include the following.(1)Overall design of the hole sower monitoring system.The performance parameters of the cotton precision seeder hole sower were selected for monitoring.According to the working principle of toothed disk type hole sower,the movement process of cotton seed in the seed spacer is analyzed,the position of seed extraction monitoring is determined,and the structure of the seed spacer is improved to achieve the purpose of auxiliary monitoring.The structural composition and working principle of the hole sower monitoring system are introduced,and the methods for monitoring the number of rotating turns and empty holes are proposed.(2)Hardware and circuit design of the monitoring system.Based on the hardware design plan of the monitoring system,the circuit design of key modules of the monitoring system was completed.Combined with the working principle of the monitoring system,the main control module,seeding signal acquisition and processing module,DC regulated power supply module,alarm module,human-computer interaction module and GPRS communication module were selected,and the construction and debugging of the whole monitoring system hardware platform was completed.(3)Designing and creating software for monitoring systems.With reference to the software design scheme of the monitoring system,the main program,signal acquisition and processing subroutine,cavity judgment and sound and light alarm subroutine,human-computer interaction interface and display subroutine and GPRS data transmission subroutine are designed in a modular way.In the WF architecture,the telematics management software was developed based on the development platform of Visual Studio 2018,combined with SQL Server 18 database.(4)Monitoring system performance tests.In order to verify whether the performance of the monitoring system of the toothed disc type cotton precision hole sower meets the requirements of field sowing operation,bench test and field test of the monitoring system working reliability were carried out respectively.The bench test showed that the relative monitoring error of the monitoring system increased slightly with the increase of the hole sower speed in the range of 30～45 r/min,but the monitoring error did not exceed 0.66%.In the range of 30～45 r/min,the relative error of monitoring the number of qualified holes and empty holes increased with the increase of the working speed of the hole sower,but the relative error of monitoring the number of qualified holes and empty holes of the system still did not exceed1.91% and 4.31%,respectively.The field test showed that the operating speed of the planter had a significant effect on the monitoring accuracy of the hole sower monitoring system,when the operating speed of the planter was in the range of 2.5～4km/h,the monitoring accuracy of the number of qualified holes and empty holes of the cotton precision hole sower seeding monitoring system showed a decreasing trend with the increase of the planter operating speed,but the monitoring accuracy of the number of qualified holes and the number of empty holes were still greater than 96.70% and 94.44% respectively.and 94.44%,respectively.The system can accurately and stably monitor the seeding condition of the cotton precision hole sower during field operation and meet the requirements for hole sower monitoring. |
