| A.phloeocoptes is one of the most important harmful mites in Xinjiang in recent years,which poses a serious threat to the healthy development of the apricot industry.This paper identifies the harmful mites,the occurrence and transfer of harmful mites and the relationship between population growth dynamics and meteorological factors were studied,and chemical reagent prevention and control experiments were carried out.The main results are as follows:(1)After 2 years of observationand research showed that,A.phloeocoptes in Luntai County,Xinjiang infected apricot trees and caused apricot bud galls.The mite 1a occurred for about 12 to 15 generations,Overwinters as adults in gall buds.Wintering mites began to lay eggs in late March.In late April and early May,they were their peak spawning periods.In early and mid-May,the number of mites reached its peak in late May.The number of mites populations slowly down in June.In late August,the number of mites gradually rebounded.Eggs,at the end of September under plum hair gall mites ready to winter.In early May,the gall mite moved to a new bud by its own crawling.Wind is the passive transmission medium of the mite.(2)The results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis between the population number of A.phloeocoptes and meteorological factors showed that the population number change of A.phloeocoptes eggs was negatively correlated with the highest temperature(P<0.01)and positively correlated with the wind speed(P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between population dynamics and meteorological factors in other states of A.phloeocoptes.The first three principal components with the cumulative contribution rate of 82.85 % were selected to establish a regression model with the population number of A.Phloeocoptes.(3)The results of 10 insecticides spraying methods for controlling A.phloeocoptes showed that the control effects of 15% abamectin·spirotetramat(SC)1 500 times liquid,5% abamectin(EC)+ 30%cyetpyrafe(SC)2 000 times liquid and 20% imidacloprid(SL)1 500 times liquid after 15 days were86.24%,71.95% and 79.51%,respectively,with stable persistence.The control effect of 2 500 times liquid of 15% abamectin·spirotetrama(SC)on eggs was the worst,and the control effect was negative after 6 d and 12 d,followed by 2 000 times liquid of 200 g/L amitraz,and the control effect was not more than33%.The results of tree trunk injection of 9 kinds of insecticides against gall mites showed that :Three days after treatment,there was no significant difference in the control effect among the treatments(P>0.05).The control effect of 15% abamectin·spirotetrama(SC)6 g/L and 0.5% pyrethrin·matrine(SL)0.2 g/L on adult mite was 36.34% and 34.89%,respectively.After 12 days of application,the control effects of 15%abamectin·spirotetrama(SC)6 g/L and 0.5% ivermectin(EC)(0.2 g / L)on eggs were 51.29% and 50.36%,respectively.Other drugs were almost ineffective.The control effect of 20% imidacloprid(SL)diluted at1:5 on adult mites gradually increased at 4 d,8 d,12 d and 16 d after treatment,and the persistence was the best,while 10% tetrachloranamide(SC)was the worst for the control of adult gall mite.The control effect of four insecticides on gall mite eggs was less than 40%(P<0.05).(4)The effects of different control measures on the gall size,gall number and population of A.phloeocoptes were different.The average diameter of insect galls was the smallest and the control effect was the best by pruning and spraying.Among them,the control effects of the control measures combined with clear garden spraying and clear garden spraying on gall were above 73%,which were significantly higher than those of other control measures(P<0.05).The control effects of different measures on the number of gall mites in Meixia were significantly different(P<0.05),but the control degrees were different.Five days after control,the control effect of pruning combined with spraying was the highest,was75.79%,which was significantly higher than other measures(P<0.05). |
PDF Full Text Request