Soil Ion Concentration Detection Device And Remote Monitoring System Based On Narrowband Internet Of Things

In the realm of soil monitoring within smart agriculture applications,the utilization of temperature,humidity,and moisture sensors has become prevalent.Nevertheless,investigating and quantifying additional soil parameters can furnish a more comprehensive and diverse array of data sources,thereby enhancing the overall effectiveness of smart agriculture practices.Essential inorganic ions,such as potassium,calcium,sodium,and magnesium,serve as fundamental nutrients required for plant growth and development.These ions are actively involved in vital processes including photosynthesis,osmotic pressure regulation,and phloem transport.Assessing these nutrient concentrations can provide a more diversified basis for decision-making in areas such as soil state management and scientific fertilization strategies.To address the growing demand for soil ion concentration detection within smart agriculture,it is essential to develop a sensing system capable of multi-channel,multi-element ion,and real-time analysis.This study presents an embedded system that seamlessly integrates ion-selective electrodes with Narrowband Internet of Things(NB-IoT)technology,leveraging a three-layer IoT architecture comprising sensing,data transmission,and application layers.Within the sensing layer,the design incorporates solid-state ion-selective electrodes,which employ carbon nanotubes as a solid contact layer,as front-end sensors.An ion concentration detection and data processing terminal is constructed using the STM32L4 series low-power microcontroller and high-precision AD7124 analog-to-digital converter.Additionally,the system adopts a collaborative power supply strategy,utilizing solar cells and lithium-ion batteries,to ensure long-term reliable operation.The implementation of the LiteOS embedded real-time operating system and the optimization of software code logic enhance the system’s real-time performance and stability.Utilizing the NB-IoT module and the Constrained Application Protocol(Co AP)Internet of Things communication protocol for connecting data to the cloud-based data center serves as the data transmission layer of the system.For the application layer,a hierarchical structure is established,encompassing functionalities such as real-time ion concentration monitoring,data uploading and cloud storage,data processing,and data visualization.The Huawei Cloud IoTDA is responsible for decoding and real-time acquisition of terminal device data streams,while the OBS storage facilitates long-term data preservation in the cloud.The cloud data transfer feature enables real-time visualization of soil ion concentration detection data on the DLV data visualization platform.Furthermore,the development of Android apps and We Chat mini-programs augments the system’s synchronization capabilities across multiple mobile platforms.Ultimately,this multi-channel soil ion concentration sensing system effectively encompasses data sensing,wireless transmission,and application terminal functionalities,delivering a comprehensive solution for smart agriculture applications.The designed NB-IoT soil ion concentration sensing terminal device in this project not only boasts ion concentration data sensing capabilities,but also demonstrates enhanced intelligent terminal device management at the edge when deployed on a large scale,facilitated by the integration of edge computing technology,Concurrently,the incorporation of multisensor data fusion technology into edge servers leads to a further improvement in the measurement accuracy of the sensors.As a result,when the NB-IoT soil ion concentration sensing terminal device interacts with various technologies,it offers intelligent and efficient solutions for soil ion concentration detection and advances the field of smart agriculture.