Effect Of High-Energy Water On Soil Character,Grain Yield And Grain Quality Of Rice

Rice occupies an important position in our country and even in the world,and its planting range is extremely wide,and it has become an indispensable staple food in people’s life.With the rapid increase of population,people pay more and more attention to how to improve the yield and quality of rice,and take effective technical measures to improve its quality.The application of high-energy water to rice production is a new technology,and its function and principle are still in the research stage at home and abroad.In order to explore the effects of high-energy water on soil and rice growth and development,yield and quality,and to achieve the effect on increasing yield,in this study the biological effects were carried out in Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province and Hengyang City,Hunan Province for two consecutive years under field production conditions.Using early-maturing and late-maturing conventional japonica rice and indica-indica and indica-japonica hybrids as materials.The effects of high-energy water and conventional water irrigation on soil physical and chemical properties,fertilizer use efficiency,plant growth characteristics,rice yield and rice quality were systematically compared.To clarify the effect of high-energy water irrigation,reveal the reasons why high-energy water irrigation may increase production,and provide a theoretical basis for the application of high-energy water irrigation technology in large-scale rice production.The key research findings are as below:(1)The effects of high-energy water on yield and yield component traits with growth environment and varieties.Under the condition of Harbin in the north,the effect of highenergy water treatment on the yield of varieties varied greatly from year to year.According to the average results of two years,5 varieties increased yield compared with the control.Among them,the yield of Hajingdao 4,Hajingdao 9,Longdao 18,Zhongkefa 5 and Longyang 16 increased by 10.78%,12.13%,2.16%,28.00% and 10.79%respectively under high-energy water treatment.Under Cd contaminated soil in southern China,high-energy water treatment significantly increased the number of effective panicles,total grains per panicle,filled grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight,resulting in a stable and significant increase in yield of all six varieties.The average yield of 6 varieties increased by 9.99%,4.51%,7.54%,8.25%,3.66% and 6.70% compared with the control in two years.(2)The effect of high-energy water on rice quality is related to the growth environment and varieties.Under Harbin environmental conditions,high-energy water treatment increased the gel consistency of 3 rice varieties in two years,as well as the protein content and taste value of 4 rice varieties,and improved the nutritional value of rice.Under the condition of Hengyang,high-energy treatment increased the milled rice rate,head rice rate and gel consistency of rice,and the taste value of 4 rice varieties.(3)High-energy water treatment can effectively increase the concentration of total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,available iron and available zinc in Harbin test site,which is helpful for rice plants to absorb N and improve soil organic matter in Hengyang test site.Among them,the average total N concentration increased by 5.30%,the average ammonium nitrogen concentration increased by 22.34%,the available iron concentration increased by 34.74%,and the available zinc concentration increased by 38.59% in Harbin.The concentration of soil organic matter in Hengyang test site increased by 6.47%.(4)High-energy water treatment had a significant effect on the tiller number of rice varieties Zhongkefa 5 and Longyang 16 in Harbin environment.The chlorophyll content of rice varieties at different development stages showed significant differences,and the leaf growth of rice was significantly promoted.However,the effect of high-energy water treatment on tiller number,chlorophyll content and leaf growth of rice in Hengyang environment was not obvious.(5)The effect of high-energy water treatment on fertilizer use efficiency is related to the growth environment and rice varieties themselves.In the Harbin test site,high-energy water increased the N concentration in rice plants and the P concentration in straw,and generally improved the absorption efficiency of N and P in 6 varieties,and the varieties Hajingdao 8,Hajingdao 9 and Zhongkefa 5 showed better N,P and K element utilization efficiency.In Hengyang test site,Yongyou 1540,Xiangliangyou 900 and Yliangyou 9918 showed better N,P and K utilization efficiency.Moreover,high-energy water treatment increased the Cd concentration in the grains of 2 rice varieties(Yongyou 1540 and Yongyou 538),and the Zn and Cd concentrations in the straws of 2 rice varieties(Wuyou308 and Yongyou 9)and 3 rice varieties(Wuyou 308,Y Liangyou 9918,Yongyou 9).The effect of high-energy water on the concentration of cadmium and zinc in straw and grain varied with different varieties in cadmium polluted environment.