Community Structure And Diversity Of Surface Arthropods In The Herbage Zone On The Edge Of Field

In North China,as a typical area of intensive farmland,the long-term cultivation of a large area of crop varieties and the irrational application of pesticides and fertilizers have caused problems such as the reduction of farmland biodiversity,non-point source pollution,and soil quality deterioration.A large number of farmland reclamation has led to land fragmentation,resulting in the loss of a large number of non-agricultural habitats.The community structure and diversity of arthropods in farmland were seriously affected.Arthropods play an important role in maintaining ecological balance and responding to changes in plant communities.As a new non-agricultural habitat planting model,the grass zone on the edge of field plays an important role in natural enemy conservation and biodiversity conservation.However,the effect of the setting of grass belt on the community structure and distribution of surface arthropods is still unclear.Therefore,in this paper,the effects of different plant species composition on surface arthropod diversity were studied by planting grass belts composed of different plant species on the border of farmland in North China Plain,so as to provide theoretical and technical support for the construction of artificial grass belts on the border of fields.A total of 6 treatments were set up in the experiment,among which 4 were different planting and grass combination treatments,planting 2,4,6 and 8 species of plants respectively.In addition,there were two control treatments,wasteland and farmland,to analyze the composition of plant community,the composition of surface arthropod community and the correlation between them,and specific results were obtained as follows:(1)Plant community composition:It was found that in the 6 treatments of this experiment,CKH plants had the most abundance,while in the 4 treatments of artificial planting,there was no significant difference in plant abundance,and the average plant number was between 100 and 120.The Margalef richness index,Simpson dominance index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were the highest in T8 treatment.The results also showed that the artificial grass treatment significantly inhibited the growth of weeds such as Artemisia annua,humulus vulgaris,Veronica vulgaris,Leonuri and vulgaris vulgaris.(2)Composition of surface arthropod community:In the 6 treatments of this study,surface arthropods were mainly composed of Orthoptera,Isopoda,mountain neptoriales and arachnids.The comparison between different months showed that the number of surface arthropods peaked in August,which increased by 4 times compared with June and 2 times compared with July,but the Margalef richness index,Simpson dominance index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of surface arthropods in July were significantly higher than those in June and August.Among different treatments,the number of surface arthropods showed an increasing trend,and the number of surface arthropods in T8 treatment was higher than that in other treatments.According to feeding behavior analysis,there was no significant difference in the number of plant-eating,carnivorous and saprovorous surface arthropods among different treatments,and the number of omnivorous surface arthropods under T8 treatment was higher than that under other treatments.Compared with CKH and CKN,the number of natural enemies in the artificially established herbage belt was significantly increased.(3)Correlation between plant communities and surface arthropods:Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the number of plant species and the abundance of surface arthropods,especially for the increase of the number of plant-eating arthropods.In conclusion,this study found that the combination of artificial grass planting could significantly inhibit the growth of weeds;The increase of plant species promoted the increase of arthropod abundance.The combination of artificial planting and grass significantly increased the species number of natural enemies and the conservation function of natural enemies.Based on the evaluation of plant community stability,surface arthropod population,pests and natural enemies,T8 treatment of field edge grass belt is the most beneficial to improve the function of farmland ecosystem.