| Lilium is a perennial herb with great medicinal,edible and ornamental value,and it is considered to be one of the first batch of food-medicine TCMs(Traditional Chinese Medicines)published by the National Ministry of Health.However,at present,the contradiction between supply and demand in the lily market is prominent,and the main obstacles restricting its large-scale production are serious diseases,lack of disease-resistant,high-quality,high-yield cultivars and green disease prevention and control technologies.At the same time,the current researches on the lily germplasm resources and breeding mostly focus on the cut flower Lilium,and there are few researches on the medicinal and edible Lilium.Therefore,in this study,12 medicinal and edible lily germplasm resources were collected from different regions of China,and field experiments and laboratory tests were combined to observe their growth characteristics and the quality of harvested organs in Chongqing,including phenological period,botanical characteristics,field natural disease incidence,resistance to Botrytis cinerea,physiological characteristics,yield index and bulb quality index components.The key indicators in the collection,mining and utilization value evaluation of the medicinal and edible lily germplasm resources were preliminarily determined,and the high-quality medicinal and edible lily germplasm resources suitable for the water,soil and climate of Chongqing were screened out.It provided breeding materials with excellent comprehensive performance and intermediate genetic breeding materials for further research on medicinal and edible lily.The main findings are as follows:1.There were significant differences in the phenological stages among the materials,and the maximum difference in the initial flowering stage was 64 d.The earliest flowering stage was GDT,and the latest was CWM;The maximum difference in the withering period was 121 d,among which the earliest to enter the withered period was GDT,and the latest was CWM.2.The observation results of natural disease incidence in the field and the resistance test results of isolated leaves to Botrytis cinerea showed that CWM and CBY were germplasm resources with excellent natural resistance,and HLJ,HNJ,HXJ,JYY,CBY,HLL and CWM were germplasm resources with high resistant to Botrytis cinerea,providing excellent germplasm resources for further resistance research and new variety breeding.3.The results about the measurement of physiological indicators showed that the performance of the 12 lily germplasm resources was not the same in each physiological index.The analysis of the ratio of the optimal value of the physiological indicators showed that CWM is the material with the best comprehensive physiological indicators,followed by HLJ,HNJ,HXJ and GLT.4.The results of yield index determination showed that CBY could be used as a high yield genetic breeding material,GDT could be used as a genetic breeding material with a high yield drying rate,and HLJ could be used as a genetic breeding material with a high yield increase rate.5.The measurement results of quality indicators showed that CWM could be used as a genetic breeding material with high starch and total flavonoids,GLT could be used as a genetic breeding material with high soluble sugar and extract,HXJ could be used as a genetic breeding material with a high free amino acid,CBY could be used as a genetic breeding material with a high vitamin C,and GDT could be used as a genetic breeding material with a high polysaccharide.Accordingly,CWM,GLT,HXJ and CBY might be used as high-quality edible lily germplasm resources,and CWM,GLT and GDT might be used as high-quality medicinal lily germplasm resources,so the comprehensive edible and medicinal qualities of CWM and GLT were better.6.The principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the three major determination indexes(namely physiological indexes,yield indexes and quality indexes)of lily.CWM,CBY,GLT and JYY were selected as germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive performance of the three determination indexes,which could be directly used for the breeding of new varieties in the next step.7.This study preliminarily determined the key indicators in the collection,mining and utilization value evaluation of medicinal and edible lily germplasm resources,including phenological stage,disease resistance,yield index and quality index.8.Combining with the specific evaluation of various quality resource materials,CWM,CBY and HXJ were screened as highly resistant germplasm resources to Botrytis cinerea with better yield and quality indicators,which could be directly used as excellent germplasms for breeding new varieties.The remaining lily materials could be used as special germplasm resources with excellent performance in individual indicators for in-depth genetic resource development. |
PDF Full Text Request