| Probiotics as a composition of intestinal microorganisms have the role of promoting digestion,enhancing immunity and improving growth performance.As one of the major provinces for meat sheep breeding and lamb production,Anhui Province has the advantageous natural resources and production factors that provide a strong material basis for the development of high-quality and healthy meat sheep breeding.In this experiment,Bifidobacterium tetrasporium was added to the basal diet of fattening sheep to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium tetrasporium on growth performance,serum antioxidant index,gastrointestinal tissue development,rumen fermentation characteristics and microbiota of sheep,aiming to provide a scientific basis for the application of probiotics in the healthy breeding of sheep.Twelve lake sheep,3-4 months old rams,were randomly selected from Zhou’s Sheep Industry Co Ltd,Tianchang,Anhui Province.The meat sheep fattening trial was carried out and the test meat sheep were randomly divided into two groups of 6 sheep each,one group was fed with daily rations,as the control group(CON group),while the other group was fed with daily rations supplemented with Bifidobacterium tetrasporium,as the test group(PRB group).The sheep were weighed before morning feeding on d 0 and d 56 of the formal trial,and samples of rumen fluid,blood,stomach,small intestine and large intestine were collected before morning feeding at the end of the trial for testing of serum antioxidant capacity,rumen fermentation parameters,digestive tract histomorphology and rumen microbiota.The test results were as follows:(1)The addition of Bifidobacterium tetrahymena to the diet significantly increased the average body weight of fattened meat sheep.The average daily weight gain of meat sheep in the PRB(probiotic)group was 0.28±0.01 kg at 0-56 d,compared with 0.24±0.01 kg in the control group,and the average daily weight gain of meat sheep in the PRB group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(control)(P<0.05).(2)The SOD value in the serum of fattened lake sheep in the PRB(probiotic)group was20.67±4.09 U/ml,which was significantly higher than that of 15.55±1.83 U/ml in the CON group(p<0.05);the T-AOC value in the PRB group was 0.47±0.21 m M,which was higher than that of 0.29±0.13 m M in the CON group;the GSH-PX value in the PRB group was The GSH-PX value in the PRB group was 288.39±46.66 U/ml,higher than that of287.42±38.73 U/ml in the CON group;the MDA value in the PRB group was2.18±1.50 n M,slightly lower than that of 2.97±1.18 n M in the CON group.(3)The concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen fluid of meat sheep was higher in the PRB group than in the CON group,with NH3-N concentration of 8.52±3.24mg/d L,and in the CON group,the rumen fluid NH3-N concentration was 6.21±2.73mg/d L,with no significant difference between them;the content of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of fattened meat sheep in the PRB group was 61.48±9.01 m M,which was significantly higher than that in the CON group The acetic acid content in the rumen fluid of the PRB group was 61.48±9.01 m M,significantly higher than that of the CON group at45.23±3.79 m M(P<0.01);the propionic acid content of the PRB group was 18.07±3.07 m M,significantly higher than that of the CON group at 12.21±1.13 m M(P<0.01);the acetic acid content of the PRB group was 8.33±0.62 m M,higher than that of the CON group at 7.85±0.83 m M;the acetic acid content of the PRB group was 0.80± 0.16 m M in the PRB group,slightly lower than the 0.81±0.11 m M in the CON group.(4)The addition of Bifidobacterium tetrakis to the diet thinned the thickness of rumen muscle layer and thinned muscle fibres in the PRB group of fattened lakesheep,and the difference in rumen muscle layer thickness was significant compared with the CON group(P < 0.05);the PRB group significantly reduced the thickness of duodenal muscle layer(P< 0.05)and significantly increased the length of duodenal villi(P < 0.05)in fattened meat sheep;the PRB group significantly increased The PRB group significantly increased the thickness of the mucosal layer and mucosal muscle layer of the cecum of fattened lakesheep(P < 0.05);the PRB group significantly increased the thickness of the mucosal layer of the intestine of fattened lakesheep(P < 0.05);the PRB group significantly increased the thickness of the mucosal layer and mucosal muscle layer of the rectum of fattened lakesheep(P < 0.05).(5)Four phyla(Phylum)with higher abundance were screened in the PRB group,namely Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes and Proteobacteria,among which the abundance of Firmicutes The phylum Firmicutes contained the following species:Ruminococcaceae,Lechnospiraceee,Clostridialesincertae Sedis XIll(Clostridiales),Erysipelotrichaceae(Daniostoma species),Veillonellaceae(Veronaceae),Acidaminacoccacea(Aminoacoccus spp.).The most significant differences(P<0.05)were found in Ruminococcaceae(Ruminococcaceae of Clostridia),Lechnospiraceee(Trichospiraceae);the phylum Proteobacteria(Proteobacteria)contained Desulfovibrionaceae(Desulfovibrionaceae),the Campylobacteraceae,Succinivibrionaceae,and Sutterellaceee.The most significant differences(P<0.05)were found in Succinivibrionaceae(Vibrionaceae);Bacteroidetes contained: Porphyrommonadaceae(Violetomonadaceae),Bacteroidaceae(Bacteroidaceae)Acidamminococcaceae,Frovotellaceae and Marinilablaceae;with Porphyrommonadaceae and Bacteroidaceae being the most significantly different(P< 0.05).These bacteria are involved in the degradation of resistant starch,cellulose catabolism,protein and peptide metabolism,and play an important role in balancing the intestinal flora,regulating energy metabolism,improving the immunity of the body and promoting fat deposition in lake sheep.In conclusion,Bifidobacterium tetrasporium can promote the growth of fattening lake sheep and has the potential to regulate gastrointestinal development and intestinal health. |
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