| In recent years,the composite planting technology of soybean and corn has been widely used in China,becoming one of the important modes of grain production.The composite planting mode improves agricultural production efficiency and land use efficiency,while also promoting the healthy development of the ecological system,which is beneficial to achieving the goal of green agriculture.However,most of the matching agricultural machinery relies on imports,and domestic composite planting machinery has low precision,does not meet agronomic requirements,is expensive,and is not very practical.Compared with foreign soybean composite no-tillage precision seeders,domestic machinery is still in the initial stage.In order to further optimize the soybean composite planting dedicated seeder,and improve the machine-seeding efficiency and quality of soybean composite planting,this article focuses on developing two types of soybean composite no-tillage precision seeders suitable for different agronomic requirements in the north and south.The main research results are as follows:(1)Based on the 2023 Anhui Province soybean-corn strip composite planting technology plan,the seeding machine’s overall structure for the four rows of corn and six rows of soybeans mode and the two rows of corn and four rows of soybeans mode were determined.By studying the agronomic requirements of soybean composite planting,the specific parameters of each component of the seeding machine were determined,and 3D modeling was carried out on both the single seeding unit and the entire machine.(2)The vertical stubble cleaning mechanism was designed and analyzed by finite element analysis.The stress-strain situation of the rotary plow of the stubble cleaning mechanism met the requirements of the composite stubble cleaning mechanism.The modal analysis of the entire stubble cleaning mechanism was carried out,and the main vibration frequency was found to be at 10 Hz,which had a big difference with the operating frequency of the seeding machine and would not cause damage to the stubble cleaning mechanism.(3)Based on the NI PXI acquisition chassis and Lab VIEW software,the seeding depth monitoring system and acceleration acquisition system were designed.The seeding depth and acceleration data of each seeding unit were collected.Through a comparative experiment by controlling the traveling speed and trenching depth of the implement,the linear regression equation for the qualified rate of seeding was obtained.It was found that the qualified rate of seeding decreased linearly with the increase of the traveling speed,reaching 97% when the traveling speed was 0.97 km/h within a 95% confidence interval.(4)The factors affecting the vibration of each seeding unit were related to the operating speed and trenching depth of the implement.The deeper the trenching depth,the greater the vibration amplitude of the seeding machine.As the operating speed increased,the vibration amplitude also increased,and the main vibration frequency was between 8～10Hz.The research proved that the designed 4+2 soybean composite no-tillage precision seeder and 2+3 soybean composite no-tillage precision seeder had a reasonable overall structure,no interference problems,good compatibility with different varieties of corn and soybean seeds,and high-quality seeding under different matching schemes.The average yield for the "4+6" mode of corn and soybeans was493.12 kg per mu,while the average yield for the "2+3" mode of corn and soybeans was 478.92 kg per mu.The seeder meets the agronomic requirements of soybean composite planting. |
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