Human Capital,Agricultural Mechanization,and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China recommends that "the concept that green water green mountains are gold and silver mountains should be firmly established and implemented,and development should be planned at a level where people and nature can coexist in harmony." Green development is an important breakthrough in the development of a green civilization.Therefore,measuring agricultural green total factor productivity under new requirements and situations can comprehensively understand the current situation and existing problems of China’s agricultural green development.The green development of agriculture cannot do without the innovative drive of talents.As a factor of production input,human capital can not only change the production concept of rural labor and apply the development concept of green economy to agricultural production,but also accelerate the promotion and use of agricultural machinery and equipment,and improve agricultural production efficiency.In the process of agricultural mechanization,it is beneficial to fully allocate factor resources and improve the efficiency of agricultural resource utilization.Therefore,taking human capital,agricultural mechanization,and agricultural green total factor productivity as research objects,studying the impact of human capital on agricultural mechanization and agricultural green total factor productivity,as well as the role of agricultural mechanization in the process of human capital affecting agricultural green total factor productivity,is of great significance for China’s agriculture to achieve high-quality green development as soon as possible.Based on a clear understanding of relevant concepts and theories such as human capital,this thesis analyzes the present situation of rural human capital and agricultural mechanization in China from 2001 to 2021,and measures and analyzes the development trend of agricultural green total factor productivity using the SBM model and the GML super efficiency index,a two-way fixed effects model and analyzes the impact of the role of human capital on agricultural mechanization and green total factor productivity at the general and regional levels.On the basis of the above analysis,the document draws the following conclusions:(1)Over the period 2001-2021,in China,human capital,agricultural mechanization and green total factor productivity showed a general upward trend;(2)Human capital has a significant positive impact on the mechanization of agriculture.Agricultural mechanization has increased synchronously with the improvement of human capital levels.Human capital in major grain producing regions has the greatest promoting effect on agricultural mechanization,followed by major grain sales regions.(3)Human capital has a significant positive impact on agricultural green total factor productivity and its decomposition item,the development of agricultural green technology,but human capital has a negative impact on the decoupling element of agricultural green total factor productivity,the efficiency of agricultural green technology.From a regional perspective,agricultural green total factor productivity increases in large grain-producing and large grain-marketing regions,with the greatest impact from increased human capital.However,the increase of human capital in the grain production and marketing balance areas will significantly hinder the increase of agricultural green total factor productivity.(4)Human capital can increase agricultural green total factor productivity by promoting agricultural mechanization,an internal mechanism by which human capital can affect agricultural green total factor productivity.Finally,based on the above findings,this thesis puts forward policy recommendations:(1)Cultivate new vocational farmers and optimize the allocation of human capital.(2)Differential promotion of agricultural machinery and equipment to regulate the balance of regional supply and demand.(3)Coordinate the development of regional agricultural green industries and accelerate the greening of agricultural production.