| During the process of converting KN199 to Ta HDAC-I-2b,a dwarf material appeared.By planting the material into a line,it was found that this dwarf trait can be stably inherited.This experiment aims to study the dwarf material,understand its characteristics,and determine whether it has further research value and can be applied in breeding work.By analyzing the dwarfing performance,agronomic traits,growth period performance,gibberellin treatment,and quality traits of dwarfing materials,we aim to understand their characteristics.Research shows:1.Through positive plant identification and later observation,it was found that the dwarfing traits of dwarfing materials are not controlled by the Ta HDAC-I-2b gene,indicating that the reduction in plant height of dwarfing materials is not caused by the transgenic gene itself,but may be due to gene mutations occurring during the transgenic process.2.The plant height of dwarf materials was generally reduced by 20.50 cm compared to wild-type materials,and the overall culm reduction effect was 35.98%.Through data analysis of each stem node of dwarfing materials,it was found that dwarfing is not caused solely by the shortening of a single stem node,but rather by the overall change caused by the shortening of each stem node.Among them,the effect of reducing stem in the last four nodes is the strongest,reaching 53.76%.By observing the stem cell sections of dwarf materials,the observation of their transverse sections showed no significant differences in cell shape and number.The individual cells in the longitudinal section were significantly shortened.Through measurement,the cell length of the dwarfing material was around72.51 ± 12.37 um,and the cell length of KN199 was around 187.33 ± 33.72 um.It was determined that the dwarfing of the dwarfing material was caused by the superposition of single cell shortening at the cellular level.At the same time,the transverse and longitudinal sections of the dwarf material showed higher integrity compared to KN199,indicating that the cells of the dwarf material were stronger.3.The identification of agronomic traits of dwarfing materials shows that they exhibit significant advantages in terms of coleoptile length,flag leaf,spike length,spikelet number,grain length,grain width,thousand grain weight,stem,etc;There is no significant difference in germination rate;It exhibits negative effects in root length,pollen vitality,grain number per spike,yield,harvest index,and other aspects.4.Observing and studying the growth period performance of dwarf materials,it was found that the heading period,flowering period,and harvest period of dwarf materials were delayed by 13-15 days,12-22 days,and more than 21 days compared to KN199.And dwarfing materials can lead to ear deformation and inconsistent flowering periods.5.The results showed that the dwarf material was sensitive to gibberellin by applying exogenous gibberellin treatment.At the same time,spraying gibberellin during the jointing stage can limited the recovery of plant height growth.This indicates that there are other reasons that limit the height recovery of dwarf materials.6.Chlorophyll content and electrical conductivity measurements were conducted on dwarf materials.The results showed that after entering the heading stage,the chlorophyll content of dwarf materials was higher than that of KN199 materials,and their photosynthetic effect and cell integrity under heat treatment would be better.It is speculated that dwarf materials have better heat resistance.7.The quality traits of dwarfing materials were measured,and the results showed that dwarfing materials had significant positive effects on traits such as bulk density,water absorption,maximum tensile resistance,and weakening degree;It exhibits extremely significant negative effects on protein and sedimentation values.This indicates that dwarfing materials have to some extent led to changes in grain quality traits. |
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