| Peanut is one of the most widely cultivated oil crops in China.It is cultivated from Yulin in Hainan Province in the south to Heihe in Heilongjiang province in the north.The Northeast flowering area is a high quality edible peanut production base,famous in the world for no or little aflatoxin pollution,with an area of nearly 10 million mu and a large per capita cultivated land area.However,the northeast flowering area has a short frost-free period and is prone to frost threat in the late harvest.The raw water content of freshly harvested flowers in harvest period is between 40% and 60%,and the life respiration and metabolism are vigorous.The peanuts often suffer from freezing damage due to the intimely drying,and the risk of infection with aspergillus flavus is increased.Therefore,for farmers and small and micro peanut planting enterprises,the drying and dehydration rate of peanuts in the plant has become an important index of peanut variety breeding.In addition,for scientific researchers,peanut dehydration test can only be carried out in the peanut harvest period,because the season limits the research of breeding peanut dehydration fast varieties.In this experiment,31 peanut varieties were dried in the field to determine their moisture content.A fitting model of POD moisture content was established by means of plant agronomic characters,peanut POD shape,POD content,MDA content and meteorological factors,and the correlation between daily dehydration rate and meteorological factors,peanut dehydration rate and agronomic characters and peanut pod shape was analyzed.POD content and MDA content of peanut before and after dehydration were compared and their correlation with dehydration rate was analyzed.Screening peanut varieties with different dehydration rates;Rehydration tests were carried out on the fast dewatering variety 21NC20 and the slow dewatering variety Fuhua37.A method suitable for indoor screening of peanut dehydration rate was established based on physiological indexes and germination rate analysis.The research conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The influence of main meteorological factors on the dehydration rate of peanut was obtained.Through Curve Expert Professional curve model analysis of moisture content and field drying time of 31 peanut varieties,the optimal fitting curve model of moisture content and field drying time of more than half peanut varieties was rational number model.The main meteorological factor affecting the dewatering rate of flower birthday is the surface minimum humidity,and the higher the surface minimum humidity is,the slower the dewatering rate of flower birthday will be.2.One variety with extreme dehydration rate was obtained.The dehydration rate of Jihua19 was the fastest during field drying,while that of Yufu Hua 0824 was the slowest.The dehydration rate showed that the daily dehydration rate of most peanut varieties was the fastest value on the first day,and the dehydration rate would drop precipitously on the first or second day.The average daily dehydration rate of different peanut varieties was different during field drying.There was no significant correlation between the dewatering rate of peanut pod and the pod morphology and agricultural characters of peanut,but there was a very significant positive correlation between the dewatering rate and the pin pull of peanut.3.Physiological indexes of varieties with different dehydration rates were detected.The results showed that POD content decreased and MDA content increased with the increase of dehydration rate.There was a significant positive correlation between MDA content of peanut kernel after dehydration and MDA content of peanut kernel before dehydration.However,POD content of peanut before and after dehydration was not similar to MDA content of peanut before and after dehydration except that there was a great increase.The POD content and MDA content of peanut kernels before and after dehydration were significantly correlated with the dehydration rate of peanut varieties,and the MDA content of raw flower kernels was positively correlated with the dehydration rate of peanut varieties.The POD content and MDA content of peanuts increased before and after dehydration.4.In order to design a method that can screen different dehydration rates of peanut in the laboratory,the varieties 21NC20 and Fu Hua 37 with different dehydration rates were used.Through the quadratic orthogonal regression design of different temperature,salicylic acid and calcium chloride,compared with that after rehydration,under the condition of X10(14.7℃,2mol/L salicylic acid,10mmol/L calcium chloride)treatment,POD content,MDA content is the most similar;At the same time,the germination rate was the highest under this treatment,and the optimal rehydration method was obtained.The results provided a basis for the establishment of peanut dehydration rate method and resource creation,and also provided a reference for the study of seed vigor. |
