Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Sunflower Germplasm Resources And Evaluation Of Its Application Potential In Breeding

Sunflower is the world’s fourth most important oil crop,widely grown worldwide.It uses widely the consider high economic value.There is a rich bank of sunflower germplasm in China.However,the development and utilization of germplasm resources are rare and most varieties have narrow genetic basis.In this study,genetic diversity analysis and breeding potential evaluation of 60 sunflower germplasm resources were carried out to provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of sunflower germplasm resources and the breeding of new sunflower varieties in western Jilin Province.The main research results are as follows:1.There were significant differences among sunflower germplasm resources,with genetic diversity index H ’ranging from 0.00 to 2.05 and the coefficient of variation ranging from 0.00 to48.50%.The rich genetic diversity is conducive to the screening of excellent resources,which provides material basis for the genetic enhancement and new variety breeding.2.The results of cluster analysis showed that 60 sunflower germplasm resources were divided into three groups when Euclidean distance was 5.5.Group I accounted for 26.67% of the total resources,which was suitable for improving seed setting rate and breeding ornamental sunflower.Group Ⅱ accounted for 40% of the total resources,which was suitable for breeding high oil sunflower flowers.Group Ⅲ accounted for 33.33% of the total resources,which was suitable for breeding edible sunflower.3.There was a certain correlation among traits in the correlation analysis,which provided the basis for the improvement of the main target traits and their related traits.Yield was positively correlated with growth period,plant height,100 grain weight,grain weight per dish and crude fat.The growth period was positively correlated with plant height,leaf number and yield,and was positively correlated with stem diameter and 100 grain weight.The 100 grain weight was positively correlated with the grain weight,yield,grain length and grain width of single disc.Crude fat content was positively correlated with yield,growth period and plant height,and crude protein content was negatively correlated.The lingual flower was positively correlated with the number of bracts,and negatively correlated with the grain weight per disk and 100 grain weight.4.Seven principal components were obtained by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 75.131%.Among them,the first principal component was yield factor,the second principal component was plant morphology factor,the third and fifth principal components were leaf factor,the fourth principal component was seed kernel factor,the sixth principal component was seed factor,and the seventh principal component was grain factor.5.The comprehensive evaluation function was used to calculate the comprehensive score.The top 3 sunflower germplasm resources were Z2110,Z2144 and Z2125,which could be used as backbone parents for breeding new sunflower varieties.