Genetic Analysis And Heterosis Of Main Characters In Sweet Maize

This study used 100 sweet corn inbred lines with phenotypic differences as experimental materials,selected 13 inbred lines as parents using phenotypic clustering method,and used incomplete diallel hybridization method(8 × 5)Assemble 40 combinations and assemble a set of six generation populations.Heterosis analysis,combining ability analysis and correlation analysis were carried out for parents and hybrid combinations,and major gene+polygene mixed inheritance analysis was carried out for six generations of population.The experimental conclusion is as follows:1.Phenotypic clustering analysis was conducted on 8 traits of 100 sweet corn inbred lines,divided into four categories.Based on the results of phenotypic clustering analysis and combined with field growth and planting conditions,ZT40,ZT9,ZT81,ZT94,ZT13,ZT12,ZT19,ZT26 were selected as female parents from various groups,and ZT35,ZT52,ZT43,ZT78,and ZT62 were selected as male parents.The parents were renumbered and 40 hybrid combinations were assembled.2.The positive heterosis of 40 combinations was greater than the negative heterosis,indicating that heterosis existed in F1 generation.The combinations with significant positive advantages in agronomic traits include C06,C09,C31,C32,and C35,while the combinations with significant positive advantages in quality traits include C01,C23,and C33.3.Through the analysis of general combining ability,W05 is the parent with the best performance.The GCA effect size on several characters is relatively strong,and W07,W12 and other GCA effect size on yield characters are relatively excellent.The results of special combining ability analysis showed that the stronger SCA effect size were C01,C08,C13,C14,C19,C20,C31,C33,and different combinations were selected according to different breeding objectives.4.This experiment conducted a correlation analysis between the quality traits of sweet corn and other traits,and the results showed that there was a highly significant positive correlation between the soluble total sugar content and the reducing sugar content,as well as a significant positive correlation with stem diameter and ear row number;There is a significant positive correlation between reducing sugar content and stem diameter;There is no significant correlation between skin residue rate and other agronomic traits.5.The results of mixed genetic analysis of major genes and multiple genes indicate that the optimal genetic model for soluble total sugar content traits and reducing sugar content traits is E-3;The most suitable genetic model for sweet corn husk percentage traits is the D-2 model;The optimal genetic model for sweet corn amylopectin content traits is the C-0 model;The most suitable genetic model for soluble protein content traits in sweet corn is the B-1 model.