Development And Quality Analysis Of Color Waxy Wheat

Color wheat refers to wheat with other grain colors except white,yellow and red.It contains high mineral elements and phytochemicals,and also has a good health effect.Waxy wheat,which contains almost no amylose,has great value in food processing and industry.Color waxy wheat,which combines colored grains with waxy starch,has great commercial potential.In this study,the F₂ of Ning0669-1/Hedongwumai 526 and Ningzimai 1/Ning 0669-1 were analyzed by three published Wx gene markers and I₂-KI staining.The Wx gene combinations of all individuals were identified.The protein,wet gluten content,hardness,starch characteristics and nutritional quality of selected F₃ families with different grain color and Wx gene combinations were analyzed.The agronomic traits and quality of three advanced color wheat lines were also analyzed.The main results are as follows:Based on the analysis of Ning 0669-1/Hedongwumai 526 F₂ population,the Wx genotypes of 1535 F₂ individuals were identified,102 individuals were homozygous genotypes.Among them,39 were waxy wheat,45 had two waxy genes,18 had one waxy gene.19 F₃ families（9 blue and 10 red）with different Wx genes were selected to analyze the protein,wet gluten content,hardness,starch characteristics and nutritional quality.The protein content and wet gluten content of family 226-3 were 16.70%and 34.78%,which were significantly higher than those of parents and other families;the hardness of all F₃ families ranged from 51.31 to 60.26.The amylose/amylopectin of three waxy families were 0.0411,0.0570 and 0.0382,respectively,with low peak viscosity,through viscosity,breakdown,final viscosity and set back,and short peak time,the effect of Wx-B1 on starch properties was greater than that of Wx-D1 and Wx-A1.The total anthocyanin contents of six blue grain F₃families（226-2,226-3,231-8,245-17,238-15,225-130）were significantly higher than those of Hedongwumai 526 or with no significant difference from those of Hedongwumai 526,among which 226-3 and 231-8 had higher contents of boron,phosphorus,magnesium and iron.Based on the analysis of Ningzimai 1/Ning 0669-1 F₂ population,the Wx genotypes of1241 F₂ individuals were identified,292 individuals were homozygous genotypes.Among them,71 were waxy wheat,160 had two waxy genes,61 had one waxy gene.20 F₃ families（8 purple and 12 red）with the same grain color and different Wx genes were selected to analyze the protein,wet gluten content,hardness and starch characteristics.The protein content of 210-1 was 16.52%,and the wet gluten content was 36.25%.The hardness of all families ranged from 51.21 to 75.09,and the hardness of 205-249 was the highest.The amylose content of waxy wheat family（210-1,208-4,208-2,208-3,208-5,212-1）was 2.66%-3.23%,and the amylose/amylopectin was about 0.05.The peak viscosity,through viscosity breakdown final viscosity and peak time of waxy wheat family were also significantly lower than those of other genotypes.In this study,the agronomic characters and quality of three advanced color wheat lines from Heilixiaomai 76,4070 blue and 08P28-1 were analyzed by random block group method in two places.The plant height of Heilixiaomai 76/Yangmai 12 BC₂F₅ was significantly lower than that of Heilixiaomai 76,and the 1000-grain weight was not significantly different from that of the parents,the hardness was close to Heilixiaomai 76,and the content of total anthocyanin,protein and wet gluten were significantly lower than that of Heilixiaomai 76.The plant height,1000-grain weight and total anthocyanin of 4070 blue/Yangmai 158 F₉were not significantly different from those of 4070 blue,and protein and wet gluten content were greatly affected by environment.There was no significant difference between 08P28-1/Chang 6878//Chang 4738 F₁₀ and 08P28-1 in plant height,spikelet number,1000-grain-weight,the content of ptotein and wet gluten.The total anthocyanin content was significantly lower than 08P28-1 and the hardness was significantly higher than 08P28-1.In this study,4 blue grain waxy wheat,25 purple grain waxy wheat and color wheat with different Wx combinations were characterized and their quality was analyzed,which will provide new germplasm for color wheat breeding.The identification and evaluation of the advanced color wheat lines from different sources will provide reference for hybrid combination and selectionof color wheat cross breeding.