Effect Of Extracts From Chicken Dung-mushroom Slag Compost On Tomato Growth

As integrated management of water-fertilizerthe becomes popular,new liquid fertilizers are more favored than before by agricultural material market.Chicken dung–mushroom compost is rich in plant nutrients,but few researches have been done for preparation of liquid organic fertilizers by using the compost as row material.The present paper was aimed to prepare liquid organic fertilizers by using chichen dung-mushroom compost as raw material for compost enterprises to produce a variety of fertilizer products.Seed germination tests were conducted to study the effect of two different compost extracts(by water and by 0.5 mol·L^-1Mg Cl₂solution)on tomato seed germination,while soil pot experiments were done to study the effects of the two extracts on tomato growth and yield.Main results are as follows:1.Resuilts of seed fermination tests showed that compost extracts from both the water and 0.5 mol·L^-1Mg Cl₂solution significantly enhance the germination rates,germinating potential and root length of tomato.For diluting times ranged from 50 to 300 times,the 100times dilutes had the best results for seed germination.As compared with the water soak control（CK）,the treatments of 100 times dilutes of the water extract（W2）and Mg Cl₂extract（M2）significantly increased germination rate by 25.56%and 26.28%,germination potential by 26.28%and 29.94%,and root length by 27.00%and 26.51%,respectively.However,the root length of 300 times diluting treatments（W4 and M4）had no significant difference with that of the control（CK）.2.Results from the first season soil pot experiments showed that foliar application of compost extracts from both the water and 0.5 mol·L^-1Mg Cl₂solution significantly enhance tomato vegetative growth and photosynthesis as well as soil nutrient contents.For diluting times ranged from 300 to 1000 times,the 500 times dilutes had the best results for tomato growth.As compared with the water spray control(CK,the treatments of spraying 500times dilutes of the water extract（W500）and Mg Cl₂extract（M500）significantly increased tomato plant hight by 21.39%and 13.61%,chlorophyll content by 10.04%and 7.73%,biomass by 24.40%and 16.8%,root length by 27.58%and 33.32%,root surface area by41.45%and 37.79%,and root volume by 42.86%and 31.08%,respectively.The two treatment enhanced the tomato maximal quantum yield of photosynthesis system II（Fv/Fm value）and actual photochemical efficiency in photosystem II（ΦPSII value）,and subsequently promoted tomato photosynthesis.Additionally,as compared with the control,spraying high concentration of the two extracts（W300 and M300）increased soil nitrate by39.8%and 41.6%,available phosphorus by 38.2%and 28.1%,and available potassium by 31.2%and 22.7%,suggesting that some of the plant nutrients in the extracts might enter into soil by spraying.3.Results from the second season soil pot experiments showed that foliar application of compost extracts from both the water and 0.5 mol·L^-1Mg Cl₂solution significantly enhance tomato reproductive growth and photosynthesis as well as tomato yield.However,no siginicant difference between two extracts was found.As compared with the water spray control（CK）,the treatments of spraying 500 times dilutes of the water extract（M500）and Mg Cl₂extract（W500）significantly increased tomato plant hight by 35.73%and 30.03%,chlorophyll content by 13.27%and 11.88%,above-ground fresh weight by 14.98%and14.45%,above-ground dry weight by 58.87%and 28.34%,root length by 39.68%and38.64%,fruit fresh weight by 49.19%and 47.78%,fruit dry weight by 88.83%and86.60%,respectively.Spraying the two extracts always maintained high Fv/Fm andΦPSII values of tomato leaves.This might be the main reason that the two compost extracts promoted tomato growth and yield.In conclusion,this research gained an effective method for producing liquid organic fertilizers from chiken dung-mashroom-slag compost.The produced compost extracts extracted by water and 0.5 mol·L^-1Mg Cl₂solution significantly enhance tomato seed germination vegetative and reproductive growth.