Design And Experiment Of Furrowing And Anti-Blocking Device For Light Wheat No-Till Planter

In Huang-Huai-Hai one-year double cropping region,there was a large amount of straw on the ground after the corn stubble was harvested,which leaded to poor passing ability and low efficiency of the no-till planter.Therefore,in view of the above problems,this paper used discrete element simulation and soil bin test to study the disturbance effect of furrow opener on soil and straw,and designed a furrowing and anti-blocking device based on the straw blockage model.The main research results were as follows:(1)In order to better control the operation of the furrowing and anti-blocking device and to realize the design of the layout,a soil bin for the furrowing and anti-blocking device was designed.The soil bin was built based on the Arduino control system.The soil bin contained frame,moving device,lifting device and control system.The moving device and lifting device realized the horizontal movement and lifting movement of the tillage equipment respectively.The control system was designed based on Arduino controller,which mainly realized the driving of moving device and lifting device and the acquisition of test data.(2)Taking the tine furrow opener as the test object,and combined with soil bin,discrete element simulation and high-speed camera technology,the influence of the furrow opener on the soil disturbance state was analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of the distance between the soil and the furrow opener,the disturbance range of the soil gradually decreased,and the disturbance range of each soil layer from large to small was the surface layer,shallow layer and middle layer.Under different furrow depths,there was a large difference in the degree of soil disturbance of the furrow opener.When the furrow opener adopted the staggered layout,it was beneficial to reduce the disturbance of the furrow opener to the soil.With the increase of the distance between the soil and the furrow opener,the movement speed of the soil gradually decreased,and the distribution curve of the constant velocity soil was basically consistent with the arc of the furrow opener’s cutting edge.The data obtained from the discrete element simulation and the soil bin test ware basically consistent.The relative errors of the cross-sectional area of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 2.48% and 5.2%,respectively.The relative errors of the soil disturbance rate of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 0.25% and 5.12%,respectively.(3)The straw disturbance process was analyzed to clarify the factors affecting straw displacement and straw cleaning rate.Single-factor tests and multi-factor tests were conducted in combination with discrete element simulation and soil bin test.The results showed that the factors affecting straw displacement and straw cleaning rate included straw mulch amount,operating speed,transverse spacing,and longitudinal spacing.The single-factor tests showed that the four factors had significant effects on the displacement of straw in the horizontal and lateral directions,but relatively little effect on the displacement in the vertical direction.The multi-factor tests showed that the significance of the influence on the straw cleaning rate was determined to be transverse spacing,operating speed,and longitudinal spacing in descending order,and the parameters were optimized as well as verified.The optimal parameters of the furrow opener were determined to be operating speed of 1.1 m/s,transverse spacing of 400 mm,longitudinal spacing of 250 mm,and straw cleaning rate of 77.6%.(4)Based on the straw blockage model,a deflector anti-blocking device was designed.Orthogonal tests were conducted on the key parts of the deflector to determine the width to be 120 mm,the thickness to be 3 mm and the height to be 136 mm.The furrowing and anti-blocking device was tested in soil bin according to the optimal combination of parameters,and the straw cleaning rate was 86.9%,which was 9.3% higher than that without the anti-blocking device.It showed that the furrowing and anti-blocking device met the operational requirements of the light no-till planter under the optimal layout.